{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:14:38Z","timestamp":1787166878894,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"Japan Intractable Diseases Research"},{"name":"Japan\u2019s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare","award":["Diffuse Lung Diseases Research Group"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Diffuse Lung Diseases Research Group"]}]},{"name":"Japan\u2019s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare","award":["Research Program of Intractable Disease"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Research Program of Intractable Disease"]}]},{"name":"Japan\u2019s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare","award":["Respiratory Failure Study Group"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Respiratory Failure Study Group"]}]},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute exacerbation (AE) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) results in poor survival. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the impact of asymmetrical ground-glass opacity (GGO) and\/or consolidation on outcomes in patients with AE-IPF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The cases of 59 consecutive patients with AE-IPF were retrospectively reviewed. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) at diagnosis of an AE was assessed to determine the disease extent and asymmetry. Asymmetrical AE was defined as a right-to-left ratio of GGO and consolidation \u22652.0 or \u22640.5. The impacts of HRCT indices and other clinical parameters on 180-day mortality were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The overall 180-day mortality rate was 59.2%, and asymmetrical AE was observed in 13 patients (22.0%). A multivariate analysis revealed that asymmetrical AE was a significant predictor of 180-day mortality (hazard ratio=0.36, p=0.047), long-term oxygen therapy before AE and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels. The 180-day mortality of patients with asymmetrical AE was significantly lower than that of patients with symmetrical AE (asymmetrical AE 30.8%\n                    <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                    symmetrical AE 68.2%, p=0.03).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>An asymmetrical distribution of GGO and\/or consolidation is a predictor of survival in patients with AE-IPF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00036-2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]],"date-time":"2017-04-12T20:10:24Z","timestamp":1492027824000},"page":"00036-2016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Asymmetry in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Sokai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiminobu","family":"Tanizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Handa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seishu","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Ikezoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinari","family":"Nakatsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensaku","family":"Aihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Taguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeo","family":"Muro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Oga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonoko","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takateru","family":"Izumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toyohiro","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiaki","family":"Mishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0323"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.12.019"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200703-463PP"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000329893"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32833ae49d"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000355485"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200709-1365OC"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2211-6"},{"key":"2024101706522148000_3.2.00036-2016.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Usui Y , Kaga A , Sakai F , et al. 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