{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T23:35:38Z","timestamp":1772667338981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Actegy LTD"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by expiratory flow limitation resulting in symptomatic dyspnoea, sputum retention and ventilation heterogeneity. Changes in breathing mechanics affect the ability of respiratory muscles to respond to the ventilatory demands, increasing the sensation of dyspnoea. A high-frequency airway oscillating device has been developed to combine respiratory muscle training and oscillations to improve dyspnoea and sputum retention within COPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with symptomatic COPD (Medical Research Council Breathlessness scale grade \u22652) will be recruited to a double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial. Both groups will follow an 8-week intervention phase using the device three times per day for 5\u2005min at a time. This will be recorded in a self-reported diary. The device applies a flow resistive load and oscillations for combined training. Those receiving the sham device will follow the same protocol; however, the mechanism of action will be removed from the device. Improvements in the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire-Dyspnoea domain will be the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes will explore respiratory muscle function, health-related quality of life, exercise capacity and physical activity. The Lung Clearance Index will be an exploratory outcome. Outcomes will be explored using the most appropriate statistical test, dependent on the sample distribution. Focus groups will be an exploratory outcome and analysed by thematic analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ethical approval has been obtained from the East Midlands-Leicester South Research Ethics Committee and the trial has been registered through the ISRCTN Registry. The study results will be disseminated to the appropriate stakeholders through presentations, conferences and peer-reviewed journals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00064-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T12:49:02Z","timestamp":1564404542000},"page":"00064-2019","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A randomised controlled trial to investigate the use of high-frequency airway oscillations as training to improve dyspnoea in COPD"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0127-1649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enya","family":"Daynes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Greening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2206020"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00031810"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12905","article-title":"Effects of inspiratory muscle training in COPD patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Beaumont","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200701-020PP"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.5","first-page":"1348","article-title":"The assessment of maximal respiratory mouth pressures in adults","volume":"54","author":"Evans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.6","unstructured":"National Institute for Health Care Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management. 2010. www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg101 Date last accessed: June 15, 2019."},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.4.1357"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2418"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16855-4"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.10","first-page":"CD008328","article-title":"Airway clearance techniques for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"3","author":"Osadnik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70182-6","article-title":"Assessment of clinical response to ivacaftor with lung clearance index in cystic fibrosis patients with a G551D-CFTR mutation and preserved spirometry: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"Davies","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.congress-2018.PA1075"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2018-212555.388"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S164285","article-title":"Feasibility and challenges of using multiple breath washout in COPD","volume":"13","author":"Bell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05837"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.16","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 2017. http:\/\/goldcopd.org\/gold-2017-global-strategy-diagnosis-management-prevention-copd Date last accessed: June 15, 2019."},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqm162"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.12.954"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.166.4.518"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-2246","article-title":"Clinical application of the COPD Assessment Test: longitudinal data from the COPD History Assessment in Spain (CHAIN) cohort","volume":"146","author":"de Torres","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.4.339"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2000.0786"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00038914"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.47.12.1019"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972306070503"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00150314"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.01.025"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.022590"},{"key":"2024101707232580000_5.3.00064-2019.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.50064-2019","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,30]],"date-time":"2019-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567123200000}}],"container-title":["ERJ Open Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00064-2019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T04:59:42Z","timestamp":1740373182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00064-2019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/23120541.00064-2019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/23120541.00064-2019","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1183\/23120541.50064-2019","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2312-0541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2312-0541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}}}