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Geography is increasingly being recognised as a barrier to diagnosis and treatment of many chronic diseases; however, no study to date has investigated the impact of place of residence on health outcomes in OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment outcomes for patients initiating continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for OSA differ between those who live in urban<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>rural settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective cohort design will be used. Participants will be recruited through community-based CPAP providers and assigned to either the rural or urban cohort based on residential postal code. The primary outcome will be the difference in nightly hours of CPAP use between the two groups, measured 3\u2005months after initiation of therapy. Secondary outcomes will include symptoms, quality of life, patient satisfaction and patient-borne costs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Anticipated results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study will determine whether there are differences in CPAP adherence or patient-reported outcomes between rural and urban patients with OSA. These results will highlight potential challenges with providing OSA care in rural populations and may inform health interventions to reduce urban\u2013rural inequities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00141-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T12:50:16Z","timestamp":1601902216000},"page":"00141-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An evaluation of rural\u2013urban disparities in treatment outcomes for obstructive sleep apnoea: study protocol for a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Corrigan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imhokhai","family":"Ogah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6262-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ada","family":"Ip-Buting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Sharpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl R.","family":"Laratta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Peller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willis H.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachin R.","family":"Pendharkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00043-0","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the general population: the HypnoLaus study","volume":"3","author":"Heinzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws342"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30198-5","article-title":"Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based analysis","volume":"7","author":"Benjafield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40248-019-0172-9","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and comorbidities: a dangerous liaison","volume":"14","author":"Bonsignore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Multidiscip Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zsz048","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsz048","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and longitudinal Alzheimer's disease biomarker changes","volume":"42","author":"Bubu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.03.005"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09381-2","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of CPAP on cognitive impairments associated with OSA","volume":"267","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.11.137","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and arrhythmia: a systemic review","volume":"228","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6034"},{"key":"2024101708030598000_6.4.00141-2020.10","unstructured":"Tran K , Kim J , Tsoi B , et al. 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