{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:09:25Z","timestamp":1772165365446,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 2 million people worldwide have been infected with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2). Lung ultrasound has been proposed to diagnose and monitor it, despite the fact that little is known about the ultrasound appearance due to the novelty of the illness. The aim of this manuscript is to characterise the lung ultrasonographic appearance of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, with particular emphasis on its relationship with the time course of the illness and clinical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult patients from the intensive care unit of two academic hospitals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were included. Images were analysed using internationally recognised techniques which included assessment of the pleura, number of B-lines, pathology in the PLAPS (posterolateral alveolar and\/or pleural syndrome) point, bedside lung ultrasound in emergency profiles, and the lung ultrasound score. The primary outcomes were frequencies, percentages and differences in lung ultrasound findings overall and between short (\u226414\u2005days) and long (&gt;14\u2005days) durations of symptoms and their correlation with clinical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this pilot observational study, 61 patients were included with 76 examinations available for analysis. 26% of patients had no anterior lung abnormalities, while the most prevalent pathological ultrasound findings were thickening of the pleura (42%), \u22653 B-lines per view (38%) and presence of PLAPS (74%). Patients with \u201clong\u201d duration of symptoms presented more frequently with a thickened and irregular pleura (32 (21%)\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      11 (9%)), C-profile (18 (47%)\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      8 (25%)) and pleural effusion (14 (19%)\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      3 (5%)), compared to patients with short duration of symptoms. Lung ultrasound findings did not correlate with arterial oxygen tension\/inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio, fluid balance or dynamic compliance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 results in significant, but not specific, ultrasound changes, with decreased lung sliding, thickening of the pleura and a B-profile being the most commonly observed. With time, a thickened and irregular pleura, C-profile and pleural effusion become more common findings. When screening patients, a comprehensive ultrasound protocol might be necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00238-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T18:01:04Z","timestamp":1602180064000},"page":"00238-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Lung ultrasound findings in patients with novel SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2909-2175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark E.","family":"Haaksma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micah L.A.","family":"Heldeweg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Lopez Matta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasper M.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica D.","family":"van Trigt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jip S.","family":"Nooitgedacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos V.","family":"Elzo Kraemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"van de Wiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armand R.J.","family":"Girbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Heunks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"van Westerloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pieter R.","family":"Tuinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15284","article-title":"Is there a role for lung ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic?","volume":"39","author":"Soldati","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05996-6","article-title":"Findings of lung ultrasonography of novel corona virus pneumonia during the 2019\u20132020 epidemic","volume":"46","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e707","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003129","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of chest radiograph, and when concomitantly studied lung ultrasound, in critically ill patients with respiratory symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Winkler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.4","first-page":"8","article-title":"Lung ultrasound: routine practice for the next generation of internists","volume":"73","author":"Touw","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2800"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.02.014","article-title":"Assessing extravascular lung water in critically ill patients using lung ultrasound \u2013 a systematic review on methodological aspects in diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"46","author":"Neuteboom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000558"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05911-8","article-title":"Lung ultrasound and B-lines: B careful!","volume":"46","author":"Haaksma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.10.002"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.10","first-page":"2776","article-title":"Point-of-care lung ultrasound findings in novel coronavirus disease-19 pnemoniae: a case report and potential applications during COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"24","author":"Buonsenso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318275892c"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200401000-00006","article-title":"Comparative diagnostic performances of auscultation, chest radiography, and lung ultrasonography in acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200370","article-title":"Time course of lung changes on chest CT during recovery from 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia","volume":"295","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200463","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200463","article-title":"Chest CT findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): relationship to duration of infection","volume":"295","author":"Bernheim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4398","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06816-7","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019: initial chest CT findings","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.003"},{"key":"2024101710541872000_6.4.00238-2020.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06033-2","article-title":"COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?","volume":"46","author":"Gattinoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["ERJ Open Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00238-2020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:04:19Z","timestamp":1740355459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00238-2020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/23120541.00238-2020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/23120541.00238-2020","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.05.18.20105775","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2312-0541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2312-0541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}}}