{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T13:38:56Z","timestamp":1776865136272,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004785","name":"NordForsk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004785","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009808","name":"V\u00e5rdal Stiftelsen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003793","name":"Hj\u00e4rt-Lungfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018861","name":"Konsul Th C Berghs Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018861","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"a regional agreement between Ume\u00e5 University and V\u00e4sterbotten County Council"},{"name":"VISARE NORR"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010234","name":"Astma- och Allergif\u00f6rbundet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010234","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with asthma and wheezing. Occupational group, educational level and income are commonly used indicators for SES, but no single indicator can illustrate the entire complexity of SES. The aim was to investigate how different indicators of SES associate with current asthma, allergic and nonallergic, and asthmatic wheeze.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In 2016, a random sample of the population aged 20\u201379 years in Northern Sweden were invited to a postal questionnaire survey, with 58% participating (n=6854). The survey data were linked to the national Integrated Database for Labour Market Research by Statistics Sweden for the previous calendar year, 2015. Included SES indicators were occupation, educational level and income.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Manual workers had increased risk for asthmatic wheeze, and manual workers in service for current asthma, especially allergic asthma. Primary school education associated with nonallergic asthma, whereas it tended to be inversely associated with allergic asthma. Low income was associated with asthmatic wheeze. Overall, the findings were more prominent among women, and interaction analyses between sex and income revealed that women, but not men, with low income had an increased risk both for asthmatic wheeze and current asthma, especially allergic asthma.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To summarise, the different indicators of socioeconomic status illustrated various aspects of associations between low SES and asthma and wheeze, and the most prominent associations were found among women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00258-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T15:47:33Z","timestamp":1612367253000},"page":"00258-2019","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Low socioeconomic status relates to asthma and wheeze, especially in women"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1904-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Schyllert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Lindberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linnea","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Stridsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pinja","family":"Ilmarinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Piiril\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steinar","family":"Krokstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Lundb\u00e4ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"R\u00f6nmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0553-8067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Backman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.1","unstructured":"European Respiratory Society. Adult asthma. In: Gibson J , Loddenkemper R , Sibille Y , Lundb\u00e4ck B , eds. European Lung White Book. 2nd Edn. Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2013; pp. 138\u2013147."},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12963"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00054304"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-9-7"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-10-91"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00159011"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.02.008"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00101606"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.028092"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.023531"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.11","first-page":"1292","article-title":"Low socio-economic status is a risk factor for respiratory symptoms: a comparison between Finland, Sweden and Estonia","volume":"8","author":"Pallasaho","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2009.00164.x","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of adult asthma is associated with low socio-economic status","volume":"4","author":"Ekerljung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00108105"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2008.150771"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494813505727"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00114514"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1939-4551-7-1","article-title":"Prevalence trends in respiratory symptoms and asthma in relation to smoking - two cross-sectional studies ten years apart among adults in northern Sweden","volume":"7","author":"Backman","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2012.00281.x","article-title":"Questionnaire layout and wording influence prevalence and risk estimates of respiratory symptoms in a population cohort","volume":"7","author":"Ekerljung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.19","unstructured":"Statistics Sweden. Longitudinell integrationsdatabas f\u00f6r Sjukf\u00f6rs\u00e4krings- och Arbetsmarknadsstudier (LISA) . \u00d6rebro, 2016."},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.20","unstructured":"Statistics Sweden. MIS 1982:4. Socioekonomisk indelning (SEI) . Stockholm, 2007."},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.21","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO\/Europe Nutrition - Body mass index - BMI . www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/disease-prevention\/nutrition\/a-healthy-lifestyle\/body-mass-index-bmi# Date last accessed: October 17, 2018. Date last updated: 2018."},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.22","unstructured":"Statistics Sweden. 2000. Svensk utbildningsnomenklatur SUN 2000."},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000311","article-title":"Relative index of inequality and slope index of inequality: a structured regression framework for estimation","volume":"26","author":"Moreno-Betancur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12780","article-title":"Asthma and its related socioeconomic factors: the Shiraz Adult Respiratory Disease Study 2015","volume":"12","author":"Masoompour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2009.01638.x","article-title":"Gender differences in asthma prevalence: Variations with socioeconomic disadvantage","volume":"15","author":"Chittleborough","year":"2010","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12645","article-title":"Association between asthma and body mass index and socioeconomic status: a cross-sectional study on 849 659 adolescents","volume":"21","author":"Gordon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.167.5.787"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00022105"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-007-0012-4"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2016-103595"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2014-051892"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxm007"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2011.26.9.1165"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-014-3168-3","article-title":"Racial, gender, and socioeconomic status bias in senior medical student clinical decision-making: a national survey","volume":"30","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-013-2441-1"},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.36","unstructured":"United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Register-based statistics in the Nordic countries: review of best practices with focus on population and social statistics . New York, Geneva, United Nations, 2007."},{"key":"2024101707585746000_6.3.00258-2019.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.06.015","article-title":"Allergic sensitization is age-dependently associated with rhinitis, but less so with asthma","volume":"136","author":"Warm","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["ERJ Open Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00258-2019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:06:21Z","timestamp":1740373581000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00258-2019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/23120541.00258-2019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/23120541.00258-2019","relation":{},"ISSN":["2312-0541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2312-0541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}}}