{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:35:24Z","timestamp":1792082124995,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is a chronic endobrochial infection and a leading cause of chronic wet cough in children. There is an urgent need for a randomised controlled trial to investigate the optimal treatment but there is no core outcome set (COS) to inform choice of outcomes. A COS is a standardised set of outcomes representing the minimum that should be measured and reported in clinical trials of a specific condition. We have developed a COS for PBB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Potential core outcomes were collated from a systematic review, interviews with parents and a clinician survey. A two-round Delphi survey of healthcare professionals identified which outcomes had consensus for inclusion. The final COS was agreed at a consensus meeting of parent representatives and clinicians.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>20 outcomes were identified for the Delphi survey. After two rounds, 10 reached consensus. These were combined and edited at the consensus meeting into the final six: 1) Resolution of cough assessed using a cough score\/diary recorded daily by parent(s) during treatment; 2) relapse of chronic wet cough and\/or cumulative antibiotic treatment during \u226512\u2005months follow-up; 3) change in child's quality of life (parent-proxy reporting for young children); 4) emergence of antibiotic resistance; 5) development of bronchiectasis diagnosed on clinically indicated computed tomography scans; and 6) microbiological clearance of identified respiratory pathogen if samples readily available.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have developed a COS for PBB which will reduce the outcome heterogeneity and bias of future clinical trials, as well as promoting comparison between studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00344-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T13:54:26Z","timestamp":1581342866000},"page":"00344-2019","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Developing a core outcome set for children with protracted bacterial bronchitis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1947-7621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis J.","family":"Gilchrist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4591-8299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malcolm","family":"Brodlie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Will D.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Kemball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302760"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.5.1132"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108523","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108523","article-title":"Bacterial distribution in the lungs of children with protracted bacterial bronchitis","volume":"9","author":"Narang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2011-201506"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312976"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307284"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20821"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.06.030"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-13-132"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-13-103"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002447","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002447","article-title":"Core Outcome Set-STAndards for Development: the COS-STAD recommendations","volume":"14","author":"Kirkham","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.7748\/nr.2018.e1580","article-title":"Using the framework approach to analyse qualitative data: a worked example","volume":"26","author":"Hackett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurse Res"},{"key":"2024101707490294000_6.1.00344-2019.13","unstructured":"Baker SE , Edwards R . 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