{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T04:17:02Z","timestamp":1744085822412,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"novatech","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"name":"PulmonX","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014088","name":"AstraZeneca France","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of malignant tracheo- or broncho-oesophageal fistulas (TOF) using therapeutic bronchoscopy (TB) is not standardised and its outcomes are poorly described. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics of patients treated with TB for a TOF and to identify prognostic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analysed data from 96 patients undergoing TB for TOF entered in the EpiGETIF registry between January 2019 and December 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age was 61.4\u2005years. Median survival after TB was 2.40\u2005months (95% CI 1.81\u20133.32). Histology was mainly represented by oesophageal (72%) and lung (23%) cancers and did not influence prognosis (p=0.15), whereas smoking did (2.17<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>3.32\u2005months for nonsmokers, p=0.04). Patients with poor<jats:italic>performance status<\/jats:italic>(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group &gt;2) had shorter survival (1.99<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>3.02\u2005months, p=0.04). 69% of patients had already received oncologic treatment, with no difference in survival (3.02<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>2.21\u2005months for treatment-naive patients, p=0.14). Neither the localisation (trachea 61.5%, left main bronchus 34.4%, other 4.1%) nor the size of the fistulas (23% &lt;5\u2005mm, 20% 5\u201310\u2005mm, 54% &gt;10\u2005mm) impacted survival (p=0.91 and p=0.83, respectively). An airway stent (AS) was placed in 92.7% of patients, mainly self-expanding metallic stents (45%). Patients treated with both an oesophageal stent and AS had a better prognosis than patients treated with an AS alone (2.88<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>1.77\u2005months, respectively, p=0.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Survival of patients treated with TB for a TOF is very poor, and is impacted by smoking, performance status and the presence of an oesophageal stent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00435-2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T01:25:26Z","timestamp":1732757126000},"page":"00435-2024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic factors after therapeutic bronchoscopy for tracheo- or broncho-oesophageal fistulas: results from the EpiGETIF 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