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This study investigated the association between airflow limitation and the status of tongue microbiota, which is a primary source of ingested oral bacterial populations.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The study population consisted of 484 community-dwelling adults aged 70\u201380\u2005years inhabiting Hisayama town, Japan, who underwent a regular health examination including dental examination and spirometry test in 2016. The bacterial density and composition of their tongue microbiota were determined using a previously used 16S rRNA gene to understand their relationship with oral health conditions. The present cross-sectional study compared the tongue microbiota status between elderly individuals with airflow limitation and those with normal airflow.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The total bacterial density of the tongue microbiota of individuals with airflow limitation was significantly higher than that of individuals with normal airflow. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a high-biomass tongue microbiota was significantly associated with airflow limitation after adjustment for smoking intensity and other covariates (adjusted OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.01\u20132.60). Of the predominant commensals, higher amounts of<jats:italic>Prevotella melaninogenica<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Actinomyces odontolyticus<\/jats:italic>were associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These results indicate that increased bacterial burden in the tongue microbiota is associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00616-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T20:06:04Z","timestamp":1613678764000},"page":"00616-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Airflow limitation and tongue microbiota in community-dwelling elderly 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