{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:14:51Z","timestamp":1790874891920,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Little is known about the prevalence, clinical characteristics and impact of hypothyroidism in patients with sarcoidosis. We aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical features of hypothyroidism and its relation to organ involvement and other clinical manifestations in patients with sarcoidosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We conducted a national registry-based study investigating 3835 respondents to the Sarcoidosis Advanced Registry for Cures Questionnaire between June 2014 and August 2019. This registry is based on a self-reported, web-based questionnaire that provides data related to demographics, diagnostics, sarcoidosis manifestations and treatment. We compared sarcoidosis patients with and without self-reported hypothyroidism. We used multivariable logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounders to determine the association of hypothyroidism with nonorgan-specific manifestations.<\/jats:p><jats:p>14% of the sarcoidosis patients self-reported hypothyroidism and were generally middle-aged white women. Hypothyroid patients had more comorbid conditions and were more likely to have multiorgan sarcoidosis involvement, especially with cutaneous, ocular, joints, liver and lacrimal gland involvement. Self-reported hypothyroidism was associated with depression (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.3, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.6), antidepressant use (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1\u20131.7), obesity (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4\u20132.1), sleep apnoea (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3\u20132.2), chronic fatigue syndrome (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2\u20132) and was borderline associated with fibromyalgia (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1\u20131.8). Physical impairment was more common in patients with hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Hypothyroidism is a frequent comorbidity in sarcoidosis patients that might be a potentially reversible contributor to fatigue, depression and physical impairment in this population. We recommend considering routine screening for hypothyroidism in sarcoidosis patients especially in those with multiorgan sarcoidosis, fatigue and depression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00754-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T19:17:27Z","timestamp":1611256647000},"page":"00754-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prevalence and characteristics of self-reported hypothyroidism and its association with nonorgan-specific manifestations in US sarcoidosis patients: a nationwide registry study"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4224-0892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashar N.","family":"Alzghoul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah N.","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Barb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayoub","family":"Innabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5345-8811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mamoun T.","family":"Mardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bara","family":"Alzghoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Al-Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noopur","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mindy","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Serchuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Gomez Manjarres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whitney W.","family":"Woodmansee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5405-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divya C.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S437","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201707-566OT","article-title":"High-risk sarcoidosis. Current concepts and research imperatives","volume":"14","author":"Sauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00002512"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13654","article-title":"Comorbid autoimmune diseases in patients with sarcoidosis: a nationwide case\u2013control study in Taiwan","volume":"44","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000500","article-title":"Sarcoidosis and autoimmune diseases: differences, similarities and overlaps","volume":"24","author":"Korsten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00177","article-title":"Sarcoidosis and thyroid autoimmunity","volume":"8","author":"Fazzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.2.526"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1375","article-title":"Increased primary autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid antibodies in sarcoidosis: evidence for an under-recognised extrathoracic involvement in sarcoidosis?","volume":"11","author":"Malli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Horm Athens Greece"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02025"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1159\/000353777","article-title":"Hypothyroidism and depression","volume":"2","author":"Dayan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1245"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4990","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-01132","article-title":"Hypothyroidism and its association with sleep apnea among adults in the United States: NHANES 2007\u20132008","volume":"104","author":"Thavaraputta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30703-1","article-title":"Hypothyroidism","volume":"390","author":"Chaker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3556-2","article-title":"Fibromyalgia in patients with thyroid autoimmunity: prevalence and relationship with disease activity","volume":"36","author":"Haliloglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-2714"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.15","unstructured":"Sarcoidosis Advanced Registry for Cures (FSR-SARC). 2020. www.stopsarcoidosis.org\/fsr-sarc\/ Date last updated: December 10, 2020."},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201906-1250OC","article-title":"Income and other contributors to poor outcomes in US patients with sarcoidosis","volume":"201","author":"Harper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.10.2104046"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1340331"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.1630976.x"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.20","first-page":"404","article-title":"Thyroid function and autoimmunity in sarcoidosis: a case-control study","volume":"39","author":"Ilias","year":"1998","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004080000104"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.04.026","article-title":"Thyroid dysfunction and cutaneous sarcoidosis","volume":"66","author":"Anolik","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.23","first-page":"115","article-title":"What comorbidities accompany sarcoidosis? A large cohort (n=1779) patients analysis","volume":"32","author":"Martusewicz-Boros","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000598","article-title":"Clustering of immune-mediated diseases in sarcoidosis","volume":"25","author":"Terwiel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01209-2015"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00224513"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201911-2151OC","article-title":"Age associated B cells appear in patients with granulomatous lung diseases","volume":"202","author":"Phalke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.8324-16","article-title":"Systemic sarcoidosis with thyroid involvement","volume":"56","author":"Okuma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2009.08.003"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1212094","article-title":"Unique alterations of thyroid function parameters after i.v. administration of alkylating drugs (cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide)","volume":"107","author":"Reinhardt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216939","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/216939","article-title":"Infliximab-induced hypothyroidism: a novel case and postulations concerning the mechanism","volume":"2013","author":"Cerniglia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep Med"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7094.1593"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sarcoidosis","volume":"5","author":"Grunewald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primer"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2952"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1844-0"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2012.00332"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2012.02.016"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.38","first-page":"43","article-title":"Benefits of physical training in patients with idiopathic or end-stage sarcoidosis-related pulmonary fibrosis: a pilot study","volume":"32","author":"Strookappe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972316661926","article-title":"Managing fatigue in sarcoidosis \u2013 a systematic review of the evidence","volume":"14","author":"Atkins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.40","first-page":"186","article-title":"Fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness in sarcoidosis: prevalence, predictors, and relationships between the two symptoms","volume":"94","author":"Bosse-Henck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Int Rev Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024101711024016000_7.1.00754-2020.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00991-2017"}],"container-title":["ERJ Open Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00754-2020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:06:04Z","timestamp":1740373564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/23120541.00754-2020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/23120541.00754-2020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/23120541.00754-2020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2312-0541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2312-0541","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}