{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T20:38:58Z","timestamp":1793479138278,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The association between<jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) and pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) has been reported previously, and interstitial pneumonia as a comorbidity is associated with a worse prognosis. However, no study has thoroughly reported on PPFE associated with MAC-PD. The present study investigated the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of PPFE in patients with MAC-PD.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A total of 224 patients, newly diagnosed with MAC-PD, were retrospectively reviewed. At the time of diagnosis, chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), sputum examination, and clinical characteristics were collected. The extent of PPFE and MAC-PD was evaluated semi-quantitatively using HRCT scores. Risk factor analysis for clinical or radiological deterioration necessitating multidrug antimicrobial treatment within 3\u2005years, and all-cause mortality within 5\u2005years, from the initial diagnosis was performed based on the PPFE score.<\/jats:p><jats:p>PPFE was observed in 59 out of 224 patients (26.3%). A higher PPFE score was a risk factor for dyspnoea, fatigue, and lower body mass index (BMI) (p&lt;0.05). Although PPFE score did not correlate with clinical or radiological deterioration within 3\u2005years (p=0.576), a higher PPFE score (adjusted OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.06\u20132.60, p=0.028) and lower BMI (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39\u20130.94, p=0.028) increased the risk of 5-year mortality.<\/jats:p><jats:p>PPFE is a relatively common complication and an independent poor prognostic factor of MAC-PD. This study highlights the need for further studies investigating whether the presence of PPFE can be a clinical indicator for initiating treatment of MAC-PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00765-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T19:36:51Z","timestamp":1607629011000},"page":"00765-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis in<i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i>complex pulmonary disease: clinical characteristics and prognostic 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