{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T06:19:06Z","timestamp":1763705946170,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Novartis Pharma AG"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ERJ Open Res"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Inhaled corticosteroids have proven to be less effective in asthmatic patients who smoke; however, there is limited information on the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid-containing regimens in COPD patients who continue smoking. We evaluate the differential efficacy of once-daily indacaterol\/glycopyrronium 110\/50\u2005\u00b5g compared with twice-daily salmeterol\/fluticasone 50\/500\u2005\u00b5g in current smokers and ex-smokers with COPD.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A pooled analysis of data from ILLUMINATE, LANTERN and FLAME studies was conducted to assess the efficacy of indacaterol\/glycopyrronium compared with salmeterol\/fluticasone in current smokers and ex-smokers with COPD. Efficacy was assessed in terms of improvements in trough forced expiratory volume in 1\u2005s (FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>,<\/jats:sub>transition dyspnoea index (TDI) focal score, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score, reduced rescue medication use and exacerbation prevention at 26\u2005weeks after the start of the therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In total, 1769 (38%) current smokers and 2848 (62%) ex-smokers were included. Patients treated with indacaterol\/glycopyrronium experienced greater improvements in trough FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub><jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>salmeterol\/fluticasone in both current and ex-smokers (least squares mean treatment difference, 105 mL and 78\u2005mL, respectively). Improvements in TDI focal score, SGRQ total score and reduction in rescue medication use were also greater with indacaterol\/glycopyrronium<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>salmeterol\/fluticasone in current and ex-smokers. Furthermore, indacaterol\/glycopyrronium reduced all exacerbations (moderate\/severe) compared with salmeterol\/fluticasone, irrespective of smoking status. The difference in efficacy in favour of indacaterol\/glycopyrronium was more prominent in current smokers in most cases.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Indacaterol\/glycopyrronium demonstrated greater efficacy<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>salmeterol\/fluticasone, and the differences were generally more prominent in current smokers suggesting smoking may reduce the effects of salmeterol\/fluticasone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00816-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T23:24:09Z","timestamp":1608679449000},"page":"00816-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of indacaterol\/glycopyrronium<i>versus<\/i>salmeterol\/fluticasone in current and ex-smokers: a pooled analysis of IGNITE trials"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"David M.G.","family":"Halpin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus F.","family":"Vogelmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Mezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pritam","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0774-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Kostikas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jadwiga A.","family":"Wedzicha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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