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The objective of the present study was to investigate nasal transcriptomic profiles associated with dog dander sensitisation in school children and to reveal clinical symptoms related with these profiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>RNA was extracted from nasal epithelial cell brushings of children sensitised to dog dander and healthy controls. Blood sample analyses included IgE against dog dander, dog allergen molecules, other airborne and food allergens, basophil activation and white blood cell counts. Clinical history of asthma and rhinitis was recorded, and lung function was assessed (spirometry, methacholine provocation and exhaled nitric oxide fraction).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most overexpressed gene in children sensitised to dog dander compared to healthy controls was<jats:italic>CST1<\/jats:italic>, coding for Cystatin 1. A cluster of these children with enhanced<jats:italic>CST1<\/jats:italic>expression showed lower forced expiratory volume in 1\u2005s, increased bronchial hyperreactivity, pronounced eosinophilia and higher basophil allergen threshold sensitivity compared with other children sensitised to dog dander. In addition, multi-sensitisation to lipocalins was more common in this group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overexpression of<jats:italic>CST1<\/jats:italic>is associated with more severe allergic airway disease in children sensitised to dog dander.<jats:italic>CST1<\/jats:italic>is thus a possible biomarker of the severity of allergic airway disease and a possible therapeutic target for the future treatment of airborne allergy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00917-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T20:10:40Z","timestamp":1613679040000},"page":"00917-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Nasal upregulation of<i>CST1<\/i>in dog-sensitised children with severe allergic airway 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