{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:11:35Z","timestamp":1769040695582,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to compare strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) case finding using data from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Population-based samples of adults aged \u226540 yrs (n = 9,390) from 14 countries completed a questionnaire and spirometry. We compared the screening efficiency of differently staged algorithms that used questionnaire data and\/or peak expiratory flow (PEF) data to identify persons at risk for COPD and, hence, needing confirmatory spirometry. Separate algorithms were fitted for moderate\/severe COPD and for severe COPD. We estimated the cost of each algorithm in 1,000 people.<\/jats:p><jats:p>For moderate\/severe COPD, use of questionnaire data alone permitted high sensitivity (97%) but required confirmatory spirometry in 80% of participants. Use of PEF necessitated confirmatory spirometry in only 19\u201322% of subjects, with 83\u201384% sensitivity. For severe COPD, use of PEF achieved 91\u201393% sensitivity, requiring confirmatory spirometry in &lt;9% of participants. Cost analysis suggested that a staged screening algorithm using only PEF initially, followed by confirmatory spirometry as needed, was the most cost-effective case-finding strategy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Our results support the use of PEF as a simple, cost-effective initial screening tool for conducting COPD case-finding in adults aged \u226540 yrs. These findings should be validated in real-world settings such as the primary care environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00132011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]],"date-time":"2012-06-28T04:54:49Z","timestamp":1340859289000},"page":"548-555","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Case-finding options for COPD: results from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Study"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Anamika","family":"Jithoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paul L.","family":"Enright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Burney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. Sonia","family":"Buist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eric D.","family":"Bateman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wan C.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Studnicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Mejza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"William M.","family":"Vollmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61377-4"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.2","first-page":"435","article-title":"Diagnosis of airway obstruction in primary care in the UK: the CADRE (COPD and Asthma Diagnostic\/management REassessment) programme 1997\u20132001","volume":"1","author":"Pearson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.129395"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2007.00020.x"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.5","first-page":"586","article-title":"COPD management. Part I. Strategies for managing the burden of established COPD","volume":"12","author":"Jenkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3132\/pcrj.2008.00019"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.7","unstructured":"Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. www.goldcopd.org\/guidelines-global-strategy-for-diagnosis-management.html Date last accessed: May 1, 2011. Date last updated: 2011."},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.8","unstructured":"NHLBI Workshop. A Case-finding Strategy for Moderate-to-severe COPD in the United States: Executive Summary. www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/meetings\/workshops\/case-finding-exesum.htm Date last accessed: 2011. Date last updated: 2009."},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000090142"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.02.009"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.11","first-page":"387","article-title":"Can a normal peak expiratory flow exclude severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"13","author":"Perez-Padilla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1081\/COPD-57610","article-title":"The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Initiative (BOLD): rationale and design","volume":"2","author":"Buist","year":"2005","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.13","first-page":"7","article-title":"Epidemiology standardization project, II: recommended respiratory disease questionnaire for use with adults and children in epidemiological research","volume":"118","author":"Ferris","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07050954"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.15","first-page":"168","article-title":"Comparison between two standardized questionnaires and pulmonary function tests in a group of workers","volume":"63","author":"Fazzi","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00158781"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.04.008"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00135110"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00164608"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00008"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.9712108"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.23","unstructured":"Breiman L Friedman J Olshen R . Classification and Regression Trees. Boca Raton, CRC Press, 1984."},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-2681"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4104\/pcrj.2011.00004"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-7-200804010-00213","article-title":"Screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using spirometry: summary of the evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"148","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021322"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61301-5"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.29","unstructured":"Department of Health\/Medical Directorate\/Respiratory Team. Consultation on a strategy for services for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in England. www.pcrs-uk.org\/copd_qrg\/qrg_strategy_in_full.pdf Date last accessed: May 1, 2011. Date last updated: February 2010."},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-0013"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200811-1757ST"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6740.1629"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.47.11.904"},{"key":"2024102021120445000_41.3.548.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1474","article-title":"Questionnaires and pocket spirometers provide an alternative approach for COPD screening in the general population","volume":"142","author":"Nelson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00132011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T06:38:20Z","timestamp":1740379100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00132011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.00132011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00132011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]]}}}