{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T22:50:47Z","timestamp":1774565447581,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) is a known risk factor for vascular diseases and stroke. Structural brain damage, manifesting as an overt neurological deficit or more subtly as cognitive dysfunction, is a frequent symptom in SAS. The presence of a biochemical marker of cerebral injury would be of great benefit in SAS to screen for even small brain damage and to monitor efficiacy of therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Therefore, in 10 patients with mild SAS (age 50.8\u00b19.9\u2005yrs, respiratory disturbance index (RDI) 18\u00b13.6, lowest arterial oxygen saturation (min<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a,O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>) 80.5\u00b14.06%) and nine patients with severe SAS (age 50.3\u00b111.5\u2005yrs, RDI 75.4\u00b121.7, min<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a,O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>56.56\u00b114.58%), serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S\u2010100\u03b2 protein, and \u03b2\u2010trace were measured just before and after sleep using commercially available assays.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Only serum levels in the normal range could be found, independent of when the blood was taken or the degree of SAS.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Structural cerebral injury caused by sleep apnoea syndrome in patients without neurological symptoms or previous cerebrovascular events may be too small to produce a measurable increase in S\u2010100\u03b2, neuron\u2010specific enolase and \u03b2\u2010trace serum concentrations or subclinical cerebral damage may be outside the lower detection limits of the analytical methods which were used. There is a need for biochemical markers and more sensitive methods for detecting small cerebral injury in sleep apnoea syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00862001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T23:21:54Z","timestamp":1033514514000},"page":"158-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Biochemical markers of cerebrovascular injury in sleep apnoea syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hagedohm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Laier-Groeneveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Tumani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Rodenbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"R\u00fcther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Hajak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.12.2361","volume":"26","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.2","first-page":"75","volume":"42","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.3","first-page":"369","volume":"23","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.22.10.1254","volume":"22","year":"1991","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.10.1961","volume":"28","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.27.9.1553","volume":"27","year":"1996","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.10.1956","volume":"28","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.18.5.911","volume":"18","year":"1987","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01406367"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.71.5.0727","volume":"71","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01400675"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.2.556","volume":"64","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199908000-00015"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/24.2.218","volume":"24","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.15","first-page":"294","volume":"86","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Klin"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-0770(96)80187-X"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(94)00062-M"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01402322"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.2.473","volume":"29","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01410976"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/34.7.1387","volume":"34","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(80)90133-1"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(83)90155-7"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.24","unstructured":"Ghobrial M, Ross ER. Immunocytochemistry of neuron-specific enolase: a re-evaluation In: Zimmerman HM, ed. Progress in NeuropathologyNew York, Raven Press, 1986; pp.\u00e2\u0080\u0085199\u00e2\u0080\u0093221."},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.10.030187.001413"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01401.x","volume":"21","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2297"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2760(98)00163-5","volume":"1436","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.29","unstructured":"Jordan W, Rodenbeck A, Hajak G, Cohrs S, Tumani H. Prostaglandin D synthase in human sleep-wake regulation (abstract). Abstracts Vol II, XI World Congress of Psychiatry, 1999; 112."},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07527.x","volume":"48","year":"1972","journal-title":"Acta Neuro Scand"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(97)00062-2"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/139.2.559","volume":"139","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.33","unstructured":"Rechtschaffen A, Kales A. A manual for standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjectsWashington DC, Public Health Service, US Government Printing Office, 1968; pp.\u00e2\u0080\u00851\u00e2\u0080\u009312."},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020785009005"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00768.x"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(98)00021-4"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01402892"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.38","first-page":"103","volume":"59","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.39","first-page":"743","volume":"33","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.72.5.696","volume":"72","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2024101809354107000_20.1.158.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/35.9.1942","volume":"35","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Chem"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.02.00862001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:46:02Z","timestamp":1740375962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.02.00862001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.02.00862001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.02.00862001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}}}