{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:54:35Z","timestamp":1792738475204,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]],"date-time":"2009-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254182400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respir Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Human Bronchial epithelial cells (hu-BEC) have been claimed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory airway diseases like COPD. In this context IL-8 and GM-CSF have been shown to be key cytokines. Some antibiotics which are routinely used to treat lower respiratory tract infections have been shown to exert additional immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated whether these effects can also be detected in hu-BEC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Hu-BEC obtained from patients undergoing lung resections were transferred to air-liquid-interface (ALI) culture. These cultures were incubated with cefuroxime (CXM, 10-62.5 mg\/l), azithromycin (AZM, 0.1-1.5 mg\/l), levofloxacin (LVX, 1-8 mg\/l) and moxifloxacin (MXF, 1-16 mg\/l). The spontaneous and TNF-\u03b1 (10 ng\/ml) induced expression and release of IL-8 and GM-CSF were measured using PCR and ELISA in the absence or presence of these antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The spontaneous IL-8 and GM-CSF release was significantly reduced with MXF (8 mg\/l) by 37 \u00b1 20% and 45 \u00b1 31%, respectively (both p &lt; 0.01). IL-8 release in TNF-\u03b1 stimulated hu-BEC decreased by 16 \u00b1 8% (p &lt; 0.05) with AZM (1.5 mg\/l). With MXF a concentration dependent decrease of IL-8 release was noted up to 39 \u00b1 7% (p &lt; 0.05). GM-CSF release from TNF-\u03b1 stimulated hu-BEC was maximally decreased by 35 \u00b1 24% (p &lt; 0.01) with MXF (4 mg\/l).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Using ALI cultures of hu-BEC we observed differential effects of antibiotics on spontaneous and TNF-\u03b1 induced cytokine release. Our data suggest that MXF and AZM, beyond bactericidal effects, may attenuate the inflammatory process mediated by hu-BEC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]],"date-time":"2009-09-29T18:16:06Z","timestamp":1254248166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Anti-inflammatory effects of antibacterials on human bronchial epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Gregor S","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Neurohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidrun","family":"Villena-Hermoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Hatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juergen","family":"Behr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR1_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00658-3","volume":"3","author":"A Dalhoff","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dalhoff A, Shalit I: Immunomodulatory effects of quinolones.\nLancet Infect Dis 2003,3(6):359\u2013371.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"803_CR2_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.2_suppl.70S","volume":"125","author":"BK Rubin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rubin BK, Henke MO: Immunomodulatory activity and effectiveness of macrolides in chronic airway disease.\nChest 2004,125(2 Suppl):70S-78S.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR3_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh309","volume":"54","author":"MJ Schultz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schultz MJ: Macrolide activities beyond their antimicrobial effects: macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis.\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 2004,54(1):21\u201328.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"803_CR4_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki441","volume":"57","author":"I Shalit","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shalit I, Halperin D, Haite D, Levitov A, Romano J, Osherov N, Fabian I: Anti-inflammatory effects of moxifloxacin on IL-8, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha secretion and NFkappaB and MAP-kinase activation in human monocytes stimulated with Aspergillus fumigatus.\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 2006,57(2):230\u2013235.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"803_CR5_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh525","volume":"55","author":"S Werber","year":"2005","unstructured":"Werber S, Shalit I, Fabian I, Steuer G, Weiss T, Blau H: Moxifloxacin inhibits cytokine-induced MAP kinase and NF-kappaB activation as well as nitric oxide synthesis in a human respiratory epithelial cell line.\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 2005,55(3):293\u2013300.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR6_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L343","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00030.2006","volume":"292","author":"H Blau","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blau H, Klein K, Shalit I, Halperin D, Fabian I: Moxifloxacin but not ciprofloxacin or azithromycin selectively inhibits IL-8, IL-6, ERK1\/2, JNK, and NF-kappaB activation in a cystic fibrosis epithelial cell line.\nAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007,292(1):L343\u2013352.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"803_CR7_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2442-2449.2002","volume":"46","author":"I Shalit","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shalit I, Horev-Azaria L, Fabian I, Blau H, Kariv N, Shechtman I, Alteraz H, Kletter Y: Immunomodulatory and protective effects of moxifloxacin against Candida albicans-induced bronchopneumonia in mice injected with cyclophosphamide.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 2002,46(8):2442\u20132449.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"803_CR8_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.3.965","volume":"125","author":"B Capitano","year":"2004","unstructured":"Capitano B, Mattoes HM, Shore E, O'Brien A, Braman S, Sutherland C, Nicolau DP: Steady-state intrapulmonary concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and azithromycin in older adults.\nChest 2004,125(3):965\u2013973.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR9_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.6.835","volume":"44","author":"A Soman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Soman A, Honeybourne D, Andrews J, Jevons G, Wise R: Concentrations of moxifloxacin in serum and pulmonary compartments following a single 400 mg oral dose in patients undergoing fibre-optic bronchoscopy.\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 1999,44(6):835\u2013838.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR10_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn032","volume":"61","author":"M Lucchi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lucchi M, Damle B, Fang A, de Caprariis PJ, Mussi A, Sanchez SP, Pasqualetti G, Del Tacca M: Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in serum, bronchial washings, alveolar macrophages and lung tissue following a single oral dose of extended or immediate release formulations of azithromycin.\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 2008,61(4):884\u2013891.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"5 Pt 2","key":"803_CR11_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.supplement_1.11","volume":"160","author":"PR Mills","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mills PR, Davies RJ, Devalia JL: Airway epithelial cells, cytokines, and pollutants.\nAm J Respir Crit Care Med 1999,160(5 Pt 2):S38\u201343.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR12_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh519","volume":"55","author":"GW Amsden","year":"2005","unstructured":"Amsden GW: Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolides--an underappreciated benefit in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections and chronic inflammatory pulmonary conditions?\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 2005,55(1):10\u201321.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR13_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.6.1930-1933.2001","volume":"45","author":"K Tateda","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tateda K, Comte R, Pechere JC, Kohler T, Yamaguchi K, Van Delden C: Azithromycin inhibits quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 2001,45(6):1930\u20131933.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"25","key":"803_CR14_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3055","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612043383377","volume":"10","author":"K Tateda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tateda K, Standiford TJ, Pechere JC, Yamaguchi K: Regulatory effects of macrolides on bacterial virulence: potential role as quorum-sensing inhibitors.\nCurr Pharm Des 2004,10(25):3055\u20133065.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR15_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.5.1680-1688.2006","volume":"50","author":"Y Nalca","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nalca Y, Jansch L, Bredenbruch F, Geffers R, Buer J, Haussler S: Quorum-sensing antagonistic activities of azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: a global approach.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 2006,50(5):1680\u20131688.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"12","key":"803_CR16_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4243","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00613-07","volume":"51","author":"T Kohler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kohler T, Dumas JL, Van Delden C: Ribosome protection prevents azithromycin-mediated quorum-sensing modulation and stationary-phase killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 2007,51(12):4243\u20134248.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"803_CR17_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3648","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01230-07","volume":"52","author":"ME Skindersoe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Skindersoe ME, Alhede M, Phipps R, Yang L, Jensen PO, Rasmussen TB, Bjarnsholt T, Tolker-Nielsen T, Hoiby N, Givskov M: Effects of antibiotics on quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 2008,52(10):3648\u20133663.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"13","key":"803_CR18_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.13.1749","volume":"290","author":"L Saiman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Saiman L, Marshall BC, Mayer-Hamblett N, Burns JL, Quittner AL, Cibene DA, Coquillette S, Fieberg AY, Accurso FJ, Campbell PW 3rd: Azithromycin in patients with cystic fibrosis chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a randomized controlled trial.\nJAMA 2003,290(13):1749\u20131756.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR19_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200411-1537OC","volume":"172","author":"B Yates","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yates B, Murphy DM, Forrest IA, Ward C, Rutherford RM, Fisher AJ, Lordan JL, Dark JH, Corris PA: Azithromycin reverses airflow obstruction in established bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome.\nAm J Respir Crit Care Med 2005,172(6):772\u2013775.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR20_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2001.13.1.3","volume":"13","author":"MT Labro","year":"2001","unstructured":"Labro MT, Abdelghaffar H: Immunomodulation by macrolide antibiotics.\nJ Chemother 2001,13(1):3\u20138.","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR21_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.4.615-650.2000","volume":"13","author":"MT Labro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Labro MT: Interference of antibacterial agents with phagocyte functions: immunomodulation or \"immuno-fairy tales\"?\nClin Microbiol Rev 2000,13(4):615\u2013650.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"803_CR22_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2004.05.010","volume":"3","author":"R Bals","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bals R, Beisswenger C, Blouquit S, Chinet T: Isolation and air-liquid interface culture of human large airway and bronchiolar epithelial cells.\nJ Cyst Fibros 2004,3(Suppl 2):49\u201351.","journal-title":"J Cyst Fibros"},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR23_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L842","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00286.2004","volume":"289","author":"R Shaykhiev","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shaykhiev R, Beisswenger C, Kandler K, Senske J, Puchner A, Damm T, Behr J, Bals R: Human endogenous antibiotic LL-37 stimulates airway epithelial cell proliferation and wound closure.\nAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005,289(5):L842\u2013848.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"803_CR24_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200007270-00022","volume":"70","author":"A Elssner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elssner A, Jaumann F, Dobmann S, Behr J, Schwaiblmair M, Reichenspurner H, Furst H, Briegel J, Vogelmeier C: Elevated levels of interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor-beta in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: proinflammatory role of bronchial epithelial cells. Munich Lung Transplant Group.\nTransplantation 2000,70(2):362\u2013367.","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR25_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0609.2001.066005287.x","volume":"66","author":"I Shalit","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shalit I, Kletter Y, Halperin D, Waldman D, Vasserman E, Nagler A, Fabian I: Immunomodulatory effects of moxifloxacin in comparison to ciprofloxacin and G-CSF in a murine model of cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia.\nEur J Haematol 2001,66(5):287\u2013296.","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR26_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00040703","volume":"22","author":"PJ Barnes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barnes PJ, Shapiro SD, Pauwels RA: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellular mechanisms.\nEur Respir J 2003,22(4):672\u2013688.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"803_CR27_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-9-47","volume":"9","author":"TL Hackett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hackett TL, Holloway R, Holgate ST, Warner JA: Dynamics of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine release during acute inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an ex vivo study.\nRespir Res 2008, 9:47.","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR28_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2006.03.007","volume":"112","author":"R Vlahos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vlahos R, Bozinovski S, Hamilton JA, Anderson GP: Therapeutic potential of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by neutralising granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF).\nPharmacol Ther 2006,112(1):106\u2013115.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"803_CR29_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.15.1.675","volume":"15","author":"M Baggiolini","year":"1997","unstructured":"Baggiolini M, Dewald B, Moser B: Human chemokines: an update.\nAnnu Rev Immunol 1997, 15:675\u2013705.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"29","key":"803_CR30_803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55037-7","volume":"266","author":"H Nakamura","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nakamura H, Yoshimura K, Jaffe HA, Crystal RG: Interleukin-8 gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cells.\nJ Biol Chem 1991,266(29):19611\u201319617.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"803_CR31_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/30.3.377","volume":"30","author":"DR Baldwin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Baldwin DR, Andrews JM, Wise R, Honeybourne D: Bronchoalveolar distribution of cefuroxime axetil and in-vitro efficacy of observed concentrations against respiratory pathogens.\nJ Antimicrob Chemother 1992,30(3):377\u2013385.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"9","key":"803_CR32_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.9.1860","volume":"35","author":"NC James","year":"1991","unstructured":"James NC, Donn KH, Collins JJ, Davis IM, Lloyd TL, Hart RW, Powell JR: Pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil and cefaclor: relationship of concentrations in serum to MICs for common respiratory pathogens.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 1991,35(9):1860\u20131863.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR33_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.6.1128","volume":"34","author":"JE Connors","year":"1990","unstructured":"Connors JE, DiPiro JT, Hayter RG, Hooker KD, Stanfield JA, Young TR: Assessment of cefazolin and cefuroxime tissue penetration by using a continuous intravenous infusion.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 1990,34(6):1128\u20131131.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR34_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000238539","volume":"34","author":"EJ Perea","year":"1988","unstructured":"Perea EJ, Ayarra J, Garcia Iglesias MC, Garcia Luque I, Loscertales J: Penetration of cefuroxime and ceftazidime into human lungs.\nChemotherapy 1988,34(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR35_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00052806","volume":"29","author":"AO Soubani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Soubani AO, Uberti JP: Bronchiolitis obliterans following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.\nEur Respir J 2007,29(5):1007\u20131019.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"803_CR36_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200212-1468OC","volume":"168","author":"JW Chien","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chien JW, Martin PJ, Gooley TA, Flowers ME, Heckbert SR, Nichols WG, Clark JG: Airflow obstruction after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.\nAm J Respir Crit Care Med 2003,168(2):208\u2013214.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR37_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L75","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00093.2005","volume":"290","author":"M Shinkai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shinkai M, Foster GH, Rubin BK: Macrolide antibiotics modulate ERK phosphorylation and IL-8 and GM-CSF production by human bronchial epithelial cells.\nAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006,290(1):L75\u201385.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR38_803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1974-1982.2004","volume":"48","author":"T Weiss","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weiss T, Shalit I, Blau H, Werber S, Halperin D, Levitov A, Fabian I: Anti-inflammatory effects of moxifloxacin on activated human monocytic cells: inhibition of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and of synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines.\nAntimicrob Agents Chemother 2004,48(6):1974\u20131982.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T10:40:06Z","timestamp":1630492806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["803"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1465-9921-10-89","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-993X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-993X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 March 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2009","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2009","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"89"}}