{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:33:48Z","timestamp":1789774428003,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respir Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Recent studies have confirmed the presence of viable <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of pediatric patients with airway hyperresponsiveness. While specific IgG and IgM responses to <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> are well described, the response and potential contribution of Ag-specific IgE are not known. The current study sought to determine if infection with <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> triggers the production of pathogen-specific IgE in children with chronic respiratory diseases which might contribute to inflammation and pathology.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We obtained BAL fluid and serum from pediatric respiratory disease patients who were generally unresponsive to corticosteroid treatment as well as sera from age-matched control patients who saw their doctor for wellness checkups. <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE was isolated from BAL and serum samples and their specificity determined by Western blot techniques. The presence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> was confirmed by species-specific PCR and BAL culture assays.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Chlamydial DNA was detected in the BAL fluid of 134\/197 (68%) patients. Total IgE increased with age until 15 years old and then decreased. <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE was detected in the serum and\/or BAL of 107\/197 (54%) patients suffering from chronic respiratory disease, but in none of the 35 healthy control sera (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Of the 74 BAL culture-positive patients, 68 (91.9%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001) tested positive for <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE. Asthmatic patients had significantly higher IgE levels compared to non-asthmatics (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001). Patients who were positive for <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> DNA or culture had significantly higher levels of serum IgE compared to negative patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0071 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001 respectively). Only 6 chlamydial antigens induced <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE and patients with <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae-<\/jats:italic>specific IgE had significantly greater levels of total IgE compared to <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE negative ones (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>IgE antibodies play a central role in allergic inflammation; therefore production of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE may prove significant in the exacerbation of chronic, allergic airway diseases, thus highlighting a direct role for <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> in asthma pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-13-32","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,18]],"date-time":"2012-04-18T12:57:15Z","timestamp":1334753835000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The prevalence and identity of Chlamydia -specific IgE in children with asthma and other chronic respiratory symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Katir K","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S","family":"Salva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilmore C","family":"Webley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1230_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1895","volume":"137","author":"DM Murphy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Murphy DM, O\u2019Byrne PM: Recent advances in the pathophysiology of asthma. 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