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The inhalation method deposits particles mainly in the small conducting airways. Lung retention was measured immediately after inhalation and at four occasions up to 21 days after inhalation. Results were compared with data from ten healthy controls. For additional comparison three of the PCD subjects also inhaled the test particles with normal inhalation flow, 0.5 L\/s, providing a more central deposition. The lung retention at 24 h in % of lung deposition (Ret<jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>) was higher (p &lt; 0.001) in the PCD subjects, 79 % (95% Confidence Interval, 67.6;90.6), compared to 49 % (42.3;55.5) in the healthy controls. There was a significant clearance after 24 h both in the PCD subjects and in the healthy controls with equivalent clearance. The mean Ret<jats:sub>24<\/jats:sub>with slow inhalation flow was 73.9 \u00b1 1.9 % compared to 68.9 \u00b1 7.5 % with normal inhalation flow in the three PCD subjects exposed twice. During day 7\u201321 the three PCD subjects exposed twice cleared 9 % with normal flow, probably representing predominantly alveolar clearance, compared to 19 % with slow inhalation flow, probably representing mainly small airway clearance.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This study shows that despite ciliary dysfunction, clearance continues in the small airways beyond 24 h. There are apparently additional clearance mechanisms present in the small airways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-7-79","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,20]],"date-time":"2006-05-20T18:25:10Z","timestamp":1148149510000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Long-term clearance from small airways in subjects with ciliary dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Lindstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Falk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Hjelte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klas","family":"Philipson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Svartengren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"470_CR1_470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1978.10667331","volume":"33","author":"P Camner","year":"1978","unstructured":"Camner P, Philipson K: Human alveolar deposition of 4 micron teflon particles. 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