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Rich biological information in terms of gene interaction network is now widely available, but this topological information is not used by GEA, so there is a need for methods that exploit this type of information in high-throughput data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We developed a method of network enrichment analysis (NEA) that extends the overlap statistic in GEA to network links between genes in the experimental set and those in the functional categories. For the crucial step in statistical inference, we developed a fast network randomization algorithm in order to obtain the distribution of any network statistic under the null hypothesis of no association between an experimental gene-set and a functional category. We illustrate the NEA method using gene and protein expression data from a lung cancer study.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The results indicate that the NEA method is more powerful than the traditional GEA, primarily because the relationships between gene sets were more strongly captured by network connectivity rather than by simple overlaps.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-13-226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,11]],"date-time":"2012-09-11T22:38:39Z","timestamp":1347403119000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Network enrichment analysis: extension of gene-set enrichment analysis to gene networks"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Andrey","family":"Alexeyenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Woojoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pernemalm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Guegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Dessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Janne","family":"Lehti\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yudi","family":"Pawitan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"5448_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Subramanian A, Tamayo P, VK M, Mukherjee S, Ebert B, Gillette M, Paulovich A, Pomeroy S, Golub T, Lander E, Mesirov J: Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. 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