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As a solution to this problem, we propose a query expansion method that extends the information related to a manuscript using its cited references.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data on cited references and text sections in 249,108 full-text biomedical articles was extracted from the Open Access subset of the PubMed Central\u00ae database (PMC-OA). Of the five standard sections of a scientific article, the Introduction and Discussion sections contained most of the citations (mean = 10.2 and 9.9 citations, respectively). A large proportion of articles (98.4%) and their cited references (79.5%) were indexed in the PubMed\u00ae database.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>Using the MedlineRanker abstract classification tool, cited references allowed accurate retrieval of the citing document in a test set of 10,000 documents and also of documents related to six biomedical topics defined by particular MeSH\u00ae terms from the entire PMC-OA (p-value&lt;0.01).<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>Classification performance was sensitive to the topic and also to the text sections from which the references were selected. Classifiers trained on the baseline (i.e., only text from the query document and not from the references) were outperformed in almost all the cases. Best performance was often obtained when using all cited references, though using the references from Introduction and Discussion sections led to similarly good results. This query expansion method performed significantly better than pseudo relevance feedback in 4 out of 6 topics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The retrieval of documents related to a single document can be significantly improved by using the references cited by this document (p-value&lt;0.01). Using references from Introduction and Discussion performs almost as well as using all references, which might be useful for methods that require reduced datasets due to computational limitations. Cited references from particular sections might not be appropriate for all topics. Our method could be a better alternative to pseudo relevance feedback though it is limited by full text availability.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,27]],"date-time":"2013-03-27T21:21:41Z","timestamp":1364419301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Using cited references to improve the retrieval of related biomedical documents"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Francisco M","family":"Ortu\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel A","family":"Andrade-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fred","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Database issue","key":"5764_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D13","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr1184","volume":"40","author":"EW Sayers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sayers EW, Barrett T, Benson DA, Bolton E, Bryant SH, Canese K, Chetvernin V, Church DM, Dicuccio M, Federhen S: Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. 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