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The Poisson model cannot appropriately model the over-dispersion, and in such cases, the negative binomial model has been used as a natural extension of the Poisson model. Because the field currently lacks a sample size calculation method based on the negative binomial model for assessing differential expression analysis of RNA-seq data, we propose a method to calculate the sample size.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We propose a sample size calculation method based on the exact test for assessing differential expression analysis of RNA-seq data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed sample size calculation method is straightforward and not computationally intensive. Simulation studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed sample size method are presented; the results indicate our method works well, with achievement of desired power.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,6]],"date-time":"2013-12-06T20:00:59Z","timestamp":1386360059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Sample size calculation based on exact test for assessing differential expression analysis in RNA-seq data"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chung-I","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pei-Fang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Shyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"6223_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp113","volume":"25","author":"H Jiang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jiang H, Wong WH: Statistical inferences for isoform expression in RNA-Seq. 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