{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T22:30:19Z","timestamp":1762641019573,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Bioinformatics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The evaluation of statistical significance has become a critical process in identifying differentially expressed genes in microarray studies. Classical p-value adjustment methods for multiple comparisons such as family-wise error rate (FWER) have been found to be too conservative in analyzing large-screening microarray data, and the False Discovery Rate (FDR), the expected proportion of false positives among all positives, has been recently suggested as an alternative for controlling false positives. Several statistical approaches have been used to estimate and control FDR, but these may not provide reliable FDR estimation when applied to microarray data sets with a small number of replicates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We propose a rank-invariant resampling (RIR) based approach to FDR evaluation. Our proposed method generates a biologically relevant null distribution, which maintains similar variability to observed microarray data. We compare the performance of our RIR-based FDR estimation with that of four other popular methods. Our approach outperforms the other methods both in simulated and real microarray data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the SAM's random shuffling and SPLOSH approaches were liberal and the other two theoretical methods were too conservative while our RIR approach provided more accurate FDR estimation than the other approaches.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-6-187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,26]],"date-time":"2005-07-26T20:55:33Z","timestamp":1122411333000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Rank-invariant resampling based estimation of false discovery rate for analysis of small sample microarray data"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Nitin","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HyungJun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae K","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"512_CR1","first-page":"111","volume":"12","author":"S Dudoit","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dudoit S, Yang Y, Speed T, Callow M: Statistical methods for identifying differentially expressed genes in replicated cDNA microarray experiments. 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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2001, 98: 5116\u20135121. 10.1073\/pnas.091062498","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"512_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth160","volume":"20","author":"S Pounds","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pounds S, Cheng C: Improving false discovery rate estimation. Bioinformatics 2004, 20: 1737\u20131745. 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth160","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"512_CR7","volume-title":"The Analysis of Gene Expression Data: Methods and Software","author":"J Storey","year":"2003","unstructured":"Storey J, Tibshirani R: SAM thresholding and false discovery rates for detecting differential gene expression in DNA microarrays. In The Analysis of Gene Expression Data: Methods and Software. Edited by: Parmigiani G, Garrett E, Irizarry R, Zeger S. 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