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Within this alignment, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> can <jats:italic>jump<\/jats:italic> between different sequences from <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>, so different parts of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> can be aligned to different sequences from the input multiple alignment. This approach is particularly useful for dealing with <jats:italic>recombination<\/jats:italic> events.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We developed a <jats:italic>jumping profile Hidden Markov Model<\/jats:italic> (jpHMM), a probabilistic generalization of the jumping-alignment approach. Given a partition of the aligned input sequence family into known sequence <jats:italic>subtypes<\/jats:italic>, our model can jump between states corresponding to these different subtypes, depending on which subtype is locally most similar to a database sequence. <jats:italic>Jumps<\/jats:italic> between different subtypes are indicative of intersubtype recombinations. We applied our method to a large set of genome sequences from <jats:italic>human immunodeficiency virus<\/jats:italic> (HIV) and <jats:italic>hepatitis C virus<\/jats:italic> (HCV) as well as to simulated recombined genome sequences.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our results demonstrate that jumps in our jumping profile HMM often correspond to recombination breakpoints; our approach can therefore be used to detect recombinations in genomic sequences. The recombination breakpoints identified by jpHMM were found to be significantly more accurate than breakpoints defined by traditional methods based on comparing single representative sequences.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-7-265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,23]],"date-time":"2006-05-23T06:45:40Z","timestamp":1148366740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["A jumping profile Hidden Markov Model and applications to recombination sites in HIV and HCV genomes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Anne-Kathrin","family":"Schultz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Kuiken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bette","family":"Korber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Burkhard","family":"Morgenstern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Stanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1004_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1994.1104","volume":"235","author":"A Krogh","year":"1994","unstructured":"Krogh A, Brown M, Mian I, Sjolander K, Haussler D: Hidden Markov Models in Computational Biology: Applications to protein modelling. 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