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The recent completion of the 2.3 Mb genome of\n                      <jats:italic>Bartonella grahamii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , one of the most prevalent blood-borne bacteria in wild rodents, revealed a higher abundance of genes for host-cell interaction systems than in the genomes of closely related human pathogens. The sequence variability within the global\n                      <jats:italic>B. grahamii<\/jats:italic>\n                      population was recently investigated by multi locus sequence typing, but no study on the variability of putative host-cell interaction systems has been performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To study the population dynamics of\n                      <jats:italic>B. grahamii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , we analyzed the genomic diversity on a whole-genome scale of 27\n                      <jats:italic>B. grahamii<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains isolated from four different species of wild rodents in three geographic locations separated by less than 30 km. Even using highly variable spacer regions, only 3 sequence types were identified. This low sequence diversity contrasted with a high variability in genome content. Microarray comparative genome hybridizations identified genes for outer surface proteins, including a repeated region containing the\n                      <jats:italic>fha<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene for filamentous hemaggluttinin and a plasmid that encodes a type IV secretion system, as the most variable. The estimated generation times in liquid culture medium for a subset of strains ranged from 5 to 22 hours, but did not correlate with sequence type or presence\/absence patterns of the\n                      <jats:italic>fha<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene or the plasmid.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study has revealed a geographic microstructure of\n                      <jats:italic>B. grahamii<\/jats:italic>\n                      in wild rodents. Despite near-identity in nucleotide sequence, major differences were observed in gene presence\/absence patterns that did not segregate with host species. This suggests that genetically similar strains can infect a range of different hosts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,4]],"date-time":"2010-03-04T14:14:48Z","timestamp":1267712088000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Genome dynamics of Bartonella grahamii in micro-populations of woodland rodents"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Eva C","family":"Berglund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Ehrenborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Vinnere Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Granberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"N\u00e4slund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Holmberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siv GE","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2746_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536","volume":"451","author":"KE Jones","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones KE, Patel NG, Levy MA, Storeygard A, Balk D, Gittleman JL, Daszak P: Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. 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