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The oocyst plays a central epidemiological role, yet this stage has been scarcely investigated at the molecular level and the knowledge of its expressed proteome is very limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to liquid chromatography-linked tandem mass spectrometry, we analysed total or fractionated protein extracts of partially sporulated<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>oocysts, producing a dataset of 1304 non reduntant proteins (~18% of the total predicted proteome), ~59% of which were classified according to the MIPS functional catalogue database. Notably, the comparison of the oocyst dataset with the extensively covered proteome of<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>tachyzoite, the invasive stage responsible for the clinical signs of toxoplasmosis, identified 154 putative oocyst\/sporozoite-specific proteins, some of which were validated by Western blot. The analysis of this protein subset showed that, compared to tachyzoites, oocysts have a greater capability of de novo amino acid biosynthesis and are well equipped to fuel the Krebs cycle with the acetyl-CoA generated through fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation and the degradation of branched amino acids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study reported herein significantly expanded our knowledge of the proteome expressed by the oocyst\/sporozoite of<jats:italic>T. gondii,<\/jats:italic>shedding light on a stage-specifc subset of proteins whose functional profile is consistent with the adaptation of<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>oocysts to the nutrient-poor and stressing extracellular environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-14-183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,16]],"date-time":"2013-03-16T06:53:11Z","timestamp":1363416791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Global proteomic analysis of the oocyst\/sporozoite of Toxoplasma gondiireveals commitment to a host-independent lifestyle"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alessia","family":"Possenti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Fratini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Fantozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Pozio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitender P","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ponzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Pizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furio","family":"Spano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"4872_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420092370","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dubey JP: Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans. 2009, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2","edition":"2"},{"key":"4872_CR2","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis","author":"JS Remington","year":"2005","unstructured":"Remington JS, Mc Leod R, Thulliez P, Desmonts G: Toxoplasmosis. 2005, Philadelphia, Pensylvania: Saunders, W.B, 6","edition":"6"},{"issue":"12","key":"4872_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2006.00874.x","volume":"28","author":"LA Jones","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jones LA, Alexander J, Roberts CW: Ocular toxoplasmosis: in the storm of the eye. 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