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Applying genomics techniques to these species, we analyzed 3,840 and 3,149 genes from <jats:italic>Ancylostoma caninum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. ceylanicum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Transcripts originated from libraries representing infective L3 larva, stimulated L3, arrested L3, and adults. Most genes are represented in single stages including abundant transcripts like hsp-20 in infective L3 and <jats:italic>vit-3<\/jats:italic> in adults. Over 80% of the genes have homologs in <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>, and nearly 30% of these were with observable RNA interference phenotypes. Homologies were identified to nematode-specific and clade V specific gene families. To study the evolution of hookworm genes, 574 <jats:italic>A. caninum<\/jats:italic> \/ <jats:italic>A. ceylanicum<\/jats:italic> orthologs were identified, all of which were found to be under purifying selection with distribution ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous amino acid substitutions similar to that reported for <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic> \/ <jats:italic>C. briggsae<\/jats:italic> orthologs. The phylogenetic distance between <jats:italic>A. caninum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. ceylanicum<\/jats:italic> is almost identical to that for <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic> \/ <jats:italic>C. briggsae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The genes discovered should substantially accelerate research toward better understanding of the parasites' basic biology as well as new therapies including vaccines and novel anthelmintics.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-6-58","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,26]],"date-time":"2005-04-26T18:13:32Z","timestamp":1114539212000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Investigating hookworm genomes by comparative analysis of two Ancylostoma species"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Makedonka","family":"Mitreva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P","family":"McCarter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prema","family":"Arasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Hawdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Dante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Wylie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason E","family":"Stajich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wadim","family":"Kapulkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra W","family":"Clifton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H","family":"Waterston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard K","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"259_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.10.002","volume":"12","author":"NR de Silva","year":"2003","unstructured":"de Silva NR, Brooker S, Hotez PJ, Montresor A, Engels D, Savioli L: Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture. 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