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The Gram-negative bacterium causes tissue degradation, hemolysis and sepsis <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In total, 4 286 protein coding sequences were identified, and the 4.6 Mb genome of <jats:italic>A. salmonicida<\/jats:italic> has a six partite architecture with two chromosomes and four plasmids. Sequence analysis revealed a highly fragmented genome structure caused by the insertion of an extensive number of insertion sequence (IS) elements. The IS elements can be related to important evolutionary events such as gene acquisition, gene loss and chromosomal rearrangements. New <jats:italic>A. salmonicida<\/jats:italic> functional capabilities that may have been aquired through horizontal DNA transfer include genes involved in iron-acquisition, and protein secretion and play potential roles in pathogenicity. On the other hand, the degeneration of 370 genes and consequent loss of specific functions suggest that <jats:italic>A. salmonicida<\/jats:italic> has a reduced metabolic and physiological capacity in comparison to related <jats:italic>Vibrionaceae<\/jats:italic> species.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Most prominent is the loss of several genes involved in the utilisation of the polysaccharide chitin. In particular, the disruption of three extracellular chitinases responsible for enzymatic breakdown of chitin makes <jats:italic>A. salmonicida<\/jats:italic> unable to grow on the polymer form of chitin. These, and other losses could restrict the variety of carrier organisms <jats:italic>A. salmonicida<\/jats:italic> can attach to, and associate with. Gene acquisition and gene loss may be related to the emergence of <jats:italic>A. salmonicida<\/jats:italic> as a fish pathogen.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]],"date-time":"2009-01-15T19:14:06Z","timestamp":1232046846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["The genome sequence of the fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida strain LFI1238 shows extensive evidence of gene decay"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Erik","family":"Hjerde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marit Sjo","family":"Lorentzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew TG","family":"Holden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Seeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steinar","family":"Paulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Bason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Churcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halina","family":"Norbertczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Quail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Thurston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Parkhill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils Peder","family":"Willassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas R","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1809_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-4648(05)80060-9","volume":"2","author":"MB Schr\u00f8der","year":"1992","unstructured":"Schr\u00f8der MB, Espelid S, J\u00f8rgensen T\u00d8: Two serotype of Vibrio salmonicida isolated from diseased cod (Gadus morhua L.); virulence, immunological studies and advanced experiments. 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