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Here we investigated its activity in biological fluids and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> using a mouse model of <jats:italic>S. typhimurium<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The efficacy of the active 1-35 fragment of Bac7 was assayed in serum and plasma, and its stability in biological fluids analyzed by Western blot and mass spectrometry. The ability of the peptide to protect mice against <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> was assayed in a typhoid fever model of infection by determination of survival rates and bacterial load in liver and spleen of infected animals. In addition, the peptide's biodistribution was evaluated by using time-domain optical imaging. Bac7(1-35) retained a substantial <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> activity showing a very low toxicity. The peptide increased significantly the number of survivors and the mean survival times of treated mice reducing the bacterial load in their organs despite its rapid clearance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our results provide a first indication for a potential development of Bac7-based drugs in the treatment of salmonellosis and, eventually, other Gram-negative infections. The <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> activity for this peptide might be substantially enhanced by decreasing its excretion rate or modifying the treatment schedule.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,23]],"date-time":"2010-06-23T18:13:59Z","timestamp":1277316839000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["The proline-rich peptide Bac7(1-35) reduces mortality from Salmonella typhimurium in a mouse model of infection"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Monica","family":"Benincasa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Pelillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Zorzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Garrovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Biffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Gennaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Scocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"1134_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1267","volume":"24","author":"RE Hancock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hancock RE, Sahl HG: Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies. 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