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In this study we report on the identification of an unusual <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>-like strain (BO2) isolated from a lung biopsy in a 52-year-old patient in Australia with a clinical history of chronic destructive pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Standard biochemical profiles confirmed that the unusual strain was a member of the <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> genus and the full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence was 100% identical to the recently identified <jats:italic>B. inopinata<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. (type strain BO1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>). Additional sequence analysis of the <jats:italic>recA, omp2a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>2b<\/jats:italic> genes; and multiple locus sequence analysis (MLSA) demonstrated that strain BO2 exhibited significant similarity to the <jats:italic>B. inopinata<\/jats:italic> sp. compared to any of the other <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Ochrobactrum<\/jats:italic> species. Genotyping based on multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) established that the BO2 and BO1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>strains form a distinct phylogenetic cluster separate from the other <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> spp.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Based on these molecular and microbiological characterizations, we propose that the BO2 strain is a novel lineage of the newly described <jats:italic>B. inopinata<\/jats:italic> species.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,27]],"date-time":"2010-01-27T19:18:19Z","timestamp":1264619899000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Identification of an unusual Brucella strain (BO2) from a lung biopsy in a 52 year-old patient with chronic destructive pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Rebekah V","family":"Tiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay E","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R","family":"Lonsway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonali","family":"Gribble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott C","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy V","family":"Jennison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Coulter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex R","family":"Hoffmaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barun K","family":"De","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"979_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00165-X","volume":"4","author":"ML Boschiroli","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boschiroli ML, Foulongne V, O'Callaghan D: Brucellosis: a worldwide zoonosis. 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