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To explore what mechanisms are responsible for protective immunity, we investigated the course of<jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic>infection in the gp91<jats:sup>phox<\/jats:sup>knock out mouse that has a defect in the oxidative burst that results in chronic granulomatous disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the gp91<jats:sup>phox<\/jats:sup>knock out mice were somewhat more resistant to intraperitoneal infection and equally as resistant to low dose intranasal infection, but slightly more susceptible to high dose intranasal infection compared to control mice. The gp91<jats:sup>phox<\/jats:sup>knock out mice made a more robust inflammatory response to infection than controls, as measured by histology and production of inflammatory cytokines. The gp91<jats:sup>phox<\/jats:sup>knock out mice were as protected by immunization with the recombinant<jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic>protein Ag2\/PRA as the controls were against either intraperitoneal or intranasal infection.<jats:italic>Coccidioides immitis<\/jats:italic>arthroconidia and spherules were significantly more resistant to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>treatment in vitro than<jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>spores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that oxidative burst may not be required for protective immunity to coccidioidomycois.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-71","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,12]],"date-time":"2011-04-12T18:53:59Z","timestamp":1302634439000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The role of reactive oxygen intermediates in experimental coccidioidomycois in mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"David A","family":"Margolis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suganya","family":"Viriyakosol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Fierer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theo N","family":"Kirkland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1357_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0203.960305","volume":"2","author":"TN Kirkland","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kirkland TN, Fierer J: Coccidioidomycosis: A reemerging infectious disease. 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