{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T02:31:03Z","timestamp":1672972263950},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The spectrin cytoskeleton is emerging as an important host cell target of enteric bacterial pathogens. Recent studies have identified a crucial role for spectrin and its associated proteins during key pathogenic processes of <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium infections. Here we investigate the involvement of spectrin cytoskeletal components during the pathogenesis of the invasive pathogen <jats:italic>Shigella flexneri.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Immunofluorescent microscopy reveals that protein 4.1 (p4.1), but not adducin or spectrin, is robustly recruited to sites of <jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic> membrane ruffling during epithelial cell invasion. Through siRNA-mediated knockdowns, we identify an important role for spectrin and the associated proteins adducin and p4.1 during <jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic> invasion. Following internalization, all three proteins are recruited to the internalized bacteria, however upon generation of actin-rich comet tails, we observed spectrin recruitment to those structures in the absence of adducin or p4.1.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These findings highlight the importance of the spectrin cytoskeletal network during <jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic> pathogenesis and further demonstrate that pathogenic events that were once thought to exclusively recruit the actin cytoskeletal system require additional cytoskeletal networks.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-36","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,16]],"date-time":"2012-03-16T23:14:03Z","timestamp":1331939643000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Shigella flexneriutilize the spectrin cytoskeleton during invasion and comet tail generation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tyson J","family":"Ruetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann E","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian A","family":"Guttman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1629_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2008.10.003","volume":"9","author":"J Peng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peng J, Yang J, Jin Q: The molecular evolutionary history of Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. 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