{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T11:55:01Z","timestamp":1759146901409},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Microbiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) activity is absent in many, but not all, disease isolates of <jats:italic>Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:italic>, as a consequence of the insertion of a restriction endonuclease-encoding gene, the '<jats:italic>dam<\/jats:italic> replacing gene' (<jats:italic>drg<\/jats:italic>) at the <jats:italic>dam<\/jats:italic> locus. Here, we report the results of a survey to assess the prevalence of <jats:italic>drg<\/jats:italic> in a globally representative panel of disease-associated meningococci.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Of the known meningococcal hyper-invasive lineages investigated, <jats:italic>drg<\/jats:italic> was absent in all representatives of the ST-8 and ST-11 clonal complexes tested, but uniformly present in the representatives of the other hyper-invasive lineages present in the isolate collection (the ST-1, ST-4, ST-5, ST-32 and ST-41\/44 clonal complexes). The patterns of sequence diversity observed in <jats:italic>drg<\/jats:italic> were consistent with acquisition of this gene from a source organism with a different G+C content, at some time prior to the emergence of present-day meningococcal clonal complexes, followed by spread through the meningococcal population by horizontal genetic exchange. During this spread a number of alleles have arisen by mutation and intragenic recombination.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>These findings are consistent with the idea that possession of the <jats:italic>drg<\/jats:italic> gene may contribute to the divergence observed among meningococcal clonal complexes, but does not have a direct mechanistic involvement in virulence.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-4-34","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]],"date-time":"2004-09-03T06:23:13Z","timestamp":1094192593000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Dam inactivation in Neisseria meningitidis: prevalence among diverse hyperinvasive lineages"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Keith A","family":"Jolley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E Richard","family":"Moxon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin CJ","family":"Maiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"132_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/18.Supplement_A.25","volume":"18","author":"CV Broome","year":"1986","unstructured":"Broome CV: The carrier state: Neisseria meningitidis. 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