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We characterized a two-component signal transduction locus from <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> 204, <jats:italic>mrgR<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>mrgS<\/jats:italic>, encoding products with extensive homology with response regulators and histidine protein kinases of <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The locus was present and expressed in a variety of <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> human and environmental isolates but was absent from other <jats:italic>Burkholderia<\/jats:italic> species, <jats:italic>B. cepacia<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. cocovenenans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. plantarii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. thailandensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. vandii<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>B. vietnamiensis<\/jats:italic>. A 2128 bp sequence, including the full response regulator <jats:italic>mrgR<\/jats:italic>, but not the sensor kinase <jats:italic>mrgS<\/jats:italic>, was present in the <jats:italic>B. mallei<\/jats:italic> genome. Restriction fragment length polymorphism downstream from <jats:italic>mrgRS<\/jats:italic> showed two distinct groups were present among <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> isolates. Our analysis of the open reading frames in this region of the genome revealed that transposase and bacteriophage activity may help explain this variation. MrgR and MrgS proteins were expressed in <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> 204 cultured at different pH, salinity and temperatures and the expression was substantially reduced at 25\u00b0C compared with 37\u00b0C or 42\u00b0C but was mostly unaffected by pH or salinity, although at 25\u00b0C and 0.15% NaCl a small increase in MrgR expression was observed at pH 5. MrgR was recognized by antibodies in convalescent sera pooled from melioidosis patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The results suggest that <jats:italic>mrgRS<\/jats:italic> regulates an adaptive response to temperature that may be essential for pathogenesis, particularly during the initial phases of infection. <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. mallei<\/jats:italic> are very closely related species that differ in their capacity to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Modifications in this region of the genome may assist our understanding of the reasons for this difference.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-6-70","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,8]],"date-time":"2006-08-08T06:58:50Z","timestamp":1155020330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Characterization of the mrgRS locus of the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei: temperature regulates the expression of a two-component signal transduction system"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Magdy E","family":"Mahfouz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T Hilton","family":"Grayson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David AB","family":"Dance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martyn L","family":"Gilpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"283_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.3.782-790.1996","volume":"64","author":"AL Jones","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jones AL, Beveridge TJ, Woods DE: Intracellular survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei. 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