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In this study, we examined the immunogenicity of recombinant anthrolysin O (rALO) in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>BALB\/c mice immunized with rALO and boosted after two weeks, produce sera with strong Ab responses with a predominance of IgG1 and IgG2a. Five hybridomas to rALO were recovered representing the IgM, IgG1, and IgG2b isotypes. Passive administration of 3 of the five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to rALO prior to infection with lethal intravenous (i.v.)<jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>Sterne strain infection in mice was associated with enhanced average survival and a greater likelihood of surviving infection. A combination of two mAbs to ALO was more effective than either mAb separately. One mAb (64F8) slowed the toxicity of rALO for J774.16 macrophage-like cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that ALO contributes to the virulence of<jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>Sterne strain in this infection model and that Ab response to ALO may contribute to protection in certain circumstances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,23]],"date-time":"2008-09-23T18:14:53Z","timestamp":1222193693000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Passive administration of monoclonal antibodies to Anthrolysin O prolong survival in mice lethally infected with Bacillus anthracis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Nakouzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard F","family":"Rest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Casadevall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"592_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3183-3189.2003","volume":"71","author":"JG Shannon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shannon JG, Ross CL, Koehler TM, Rest RF: Characterization of anthrolysin O, the Bacillus anthracis cholesterol-dependent cytolysin. 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