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OmpL1, a transmembrane porin of pathogenic leptospires, was identified as a possible GP-Ag, but its sequence diversity and immune cross-reactivity among different serovars of pathogenic leptospires remains largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>PCR analysis demonstrated that the <jats:italic>ompL1<\/jats:italic> gene existed in all 15 official Chinese standard strains as well as 163 clinical strains of pathogenic leptospires isolated in China. In the standard strains, the <jats:italic>ompL1<\/jats:italic> gene could be divided into three groups (<jats:italic>ompL1\/1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ompL1\/2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ompL1\/3<\/jats:italic>) according to their sequence identities. Immune electron microscopy demonstrated that all products of the different gene types of <jats:italic>ompL1<\/jats:italic> are located on the surface of leptospires. The microscopic agglutination test revealed extensive yet distinct cross-immunoagglutination among the antisera against recombinant OmpL1 (rOmpL1) and leptospiral strains belonging to different <jats:italic>ompL1<\/jats:italic> gene types. These cross-immunoreactions were further verified by ELISAs using the OmpL1 proteins as the coated antigens in serum samples from 385 leptospirosis patients. All the antisera against rOmpL1 proteins could inhibit <jats:italic>L. interrogans<\/jats:italic> strain Lai from adhering to J774A.1 cells. Furthermore, immunization of guinea pigs with each of the rOmpL1 proteins could cause cross-immunoprotection against lethal challenge with leptospires from different <jats:italic>ompL1<\/jats:italic> gene types.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Three types of the <jats:italic>ompL1<\/jats:italic> gene are present in pathogenic leptospires in China. OmpL1 is an immunoprotective GP-Ag which should be considered in the design of new universal vaccines and serodiagnostic methods against leptospirosis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,17]],"date-time":"2008-12-17T07:13:30Z","timestamp":1229498010000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Characterization of the ompL1 gene of pathogenic Leptospira species in China and cross-immunogenicity of the OmpL1 protein"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dexter","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Ojcius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yafei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"656_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001","volume":"14","author":"PN Levett","year":"2001","unstructured":"Levett PN: Leptospirosis. 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