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In this study using DNA microarray we compared the global gene expression of a <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> biofilm with that of its planktonic counterpart grown in the same continuous culture.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Approximately 18% (377 genes, at 1.5 fold or more, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value &lt; 0.01) of the <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> genome was differentially expressed when the bacterium was grown as a biofilm. Genes that were down-regulated in biofilm cells, relative to planktonic cells, included those involved in cell envelope biogenesis, DNA replication, energy production and biosynthesis of cofactors, prosthetic groups and carriers. A number of genes encoding transport and binding proteins were up-regulated in <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> biofilm cells. Several genes predicted to encode proteins involved in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation were differentially regulated and may be important in the regulation of biofilm growth.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study analyzing global gene expression provides insight into the adaptive response of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> to biofilm growth, in particular showing a down regulation of genes involved in growth and metabolic activity.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T07:14:30Z","timestamp":1233213270000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalisbiofilm and planktonic cells"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alvin W","family":"Lo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A","family":"Seers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D","family":"Boyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart G","family":"Dashper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Slakeski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Patricia","family":"Lissel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric C","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"689_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.62.4.1244-1263.1998","volume":"62","author":"RJ Lamont","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lamont RJ, Jenkinson HF: Life below the gum line: pathogenic mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis. 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