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As<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm is required for<jats:italic>B. malayi<\/jats:italic>development and fertility, targeting<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm is a promising approach. However, the lifecycle of neither<jats:italic>B. malayi<\/jats:italic>nor<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm can be maintained<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. To facilitate selection of potential drug targets we computationally ranked the<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm genome based on confidence that a particular gene is essential for the survival of the bacterium.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm protein sequences were aligned using BLAST to the Database of Essential Genes (DEG) version 5.2, a collection of 5,260 experimentally identified essential genes in 15 bacterial strains. A confidence score, the Multiple Hit Score (MHS), was developed to predict each<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm gene's essentiality based on the top alignments to essential genes in each bacterial strain. This method was validated using a jackknife methodology to test the ability to recover known essential genes in a control genome. A second estimation of essentiality, the Gene Conservation Score (GCS), was calculated on the basis of phyletic conservation of genes across<jats:italic>Wolbachia's<\/jats:italic>parent order<jats:italic>Rickettsiales<\/jats:italic>. Clusters of orthologous genes were predicted within the 27 currently available complete genomes. Druggability of<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm proteins was predicted by alignment to a database of protein targets of known compounds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ranking<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm genes by either MHS or GCS predicts and prioritizes potentially essential genes. Comparison of the MHS to GCS produces quadrants representing four types of predictions: those with high confidence of essentiality by both methods (245 genes), those highly conserved across<jats:italic>Rickettsiales<\/jats:italic>(299 genes), those similar to distant essential genes (8 genes), and those with low confidence of essentiality (253 genes). These data facilitate selection of<jats:italic>w<\/jats:italic>Bm genes for entry into drug design pipelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T11:46:54Z","timestamp":1259668014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Computational prediction of essential genes in an unculturable endosymbiotic bacterium, Wolbachia of Brugia malayi"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alexander G","family":"Holman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy M","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clotilde KS","family":"Carlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"914_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp002","volume":"25","author":"TM Bakheet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bakheet TM, Doig AJ: Properties and identification of human protein drug targets. 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