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We made transgenic <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic> plants in which alternative respiratory pathway capacity was either increased by constitutive expression of AOX, or decreased by expression of a dominant-negative mutant protein (AOX-E). <jats:italic>N. benthamiana<\/jats:italic> was used because it is a natural mutant that does not express a functional RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Antimycin A (an alternative respiratory pathway inducer and also an inducer of resistance to viruses) and SA triggered resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Resistance to TMV induced by antimycin A, but not by SA, was inhibited in <jats:italic>Aox<\/jats:italic> transgenic plants while SA-induced resistance to this virus appeared to be stronger in <jats:italic>Aox-E<\/jats:italic> transgenic plants. These effects, which were limited to directly inoculated leaves, were not affected by the presence or absence of a transgene constitutively expressing a functional RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (MtRDR1). Unexpectedly, <jats:italic>Aox<\/jats:italic>-transgenic plants infected with potato virus X (PVX) showed markedly increased susceptibility to systemic disease induction and virus accumulation in inoculated and systemically infected leaves. SA-induced resistance to PVX was compromised in <jats:italic>Aox<\/jats:italic>-transgenic plants but plants expressing AOX-E exhibited enhanced SA-induced resistance to this virus.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We conclude that AOX-regulated mechanisms not only play a role in SA-induced resistance but also make an important contribution to basal resistance against certain viruses such as PVX.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2229-11-41","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,2]],"date-time":"2011-03-02T00:05:55Z","timestamp":1299024355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Genetic modification of alternative respiration in Nicotiana benthamianaaffects basal and salicylic acid-induced resistance to potato virus X"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wing-Sham","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Feng","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanmarie","family":"Verchot-Lubicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"827_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(10)76003-6","volume":"76","author":"JP Carr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Carr JP, Lewsey MG, Palukaitis P: Signaling in induced resistance. 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