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We intended to compare the efficacy and safety of PEG-IFN alfa-2a with those of PEG-IFN alfa-2b in Korean patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective, multi-center trial was conducted on 661 treatment-na\u00efve chronic HCV patients. Patients received PEG-IFN alfa-2a (180 \u03bcg\/week; n=402) or PEG-IFN alfa-2b (1.5 \u03bcg\/kg\/week; n=259) with ribavirin (800\u20131200 mg\/day) for 24 or 48 weeks according to HCV genotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early virologic response and sustained virologic response (SVR) rates were not significantly different between two PEG-IFN groups both in patients with HCV genotype 1 (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-values&gt;0.05) and 2\/3 (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-values&gt;0.05). SVR rates were not different between two groups in each categorized baseline characteristics: age (years) (\u226450 and &gt;50), HCV viral load (IU\/mL) (\u22647\u00d710<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>and &gt;7\u00d710<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>), and hepatic fibrosis (F0-2 and F3-4) (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-values &gt;0.05). In additional analysis for 480 patients who sufficiently complied with treatment doses and duration (80\/80\/80 rule) and propensity-score matched analysis, SVR rates were not different between two groups both in patients with HCV genotype 1 and 2\/3 (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-values &gt;0.05). Adverse event rates were similar between two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unlike the Western data, efficacy and safety of PEG-IFN alfa-2a were similar to those of PEG-IFN alfa-2b in chronically HCV-infected Korean patients regardless of age, HCV viral load, and hepatic fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230x-13-74","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,29]],"date-time":"2013-04-29T12:14:01Z","timestamp":1367237641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Multicenter comparison of PEG-IFN \u03b12a or \u03b12b plus ribavirin for treatment-na\u00efve HCV patient in Korean population"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Young-Joo","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin-Woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung il","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choong Kee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sook-Hyang","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seong Gyu","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyu Sung","family":"Rim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung Joon","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Youn","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Won","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"June Sung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Min","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong Won","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun Kyon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joo Hyun","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin Mo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seungbong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"934_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21347","volume":"44","author":"R Williams","year":"2006","unstructured":"Williams R: Global challenges in liver disease. 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