{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T05:58:16Z","timestamp":1770962296470,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]],"date-time":"2004-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1102377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]],"date-time":"2004-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1102377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Geriatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Late-life depression is a common, chronic and recurring disorder for which guidelines recommend long-term therapy. The safety and efficacy of duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) were evaluated using data from elderly patients (age \u2265 65 years; n = 101) who participated in a large, multinational, open-label study.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for MDD received duloxetine 80 mg\/d (40 mg twice daily (BID)) to 120 mg\/d (60 mg BID) for up to 52 weeks. Efficacy measures included the Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) scale, the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD<jats:sub>17<\/jats:sub>), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale, and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Safety and tolerability were evaluated using discontinuation rates, spontaneously reported adverse events, and changes in vital signs, ECG, and laboratory analytes.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Mean changes in HAMD<jats:sub>17<\/jats:sub> total score at Weeks 6, 28, and 52 were -13.0, -17.4 and -17.5 (all p-values &lt;.001). Significant improvement (p &lt; .001) in both clinician- (CGI-S) and patient-rated (PGI-I) measures of improvement were observed at Week 1 and sustained throughout the study. Observed case response rates at Weeks 6, 28, and 52 were 62.9%, 84.9%, and 89.4%, respectively, while the corresponding rates of remission were 41.4%, 69.8%, and 72.3%. Adverse events led to discontinuation in 27 (26.7%) patients. Treatment-emergent adverse events reported by &gt;10% of patients included dizziness, nausea, constipation, somnolence, insomnia, dry mouth, and diarrhea. Most events occurred early in the study. Mean changes at endpoint in blood pressure and body weight were less than 2.0 mm Hg, and -0.1 kg, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>In this open-label study, duloxetine was effective, safe, and well tolerated in the long-term treatment of MDD in patients aged 65 and older.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,12]],"date-time":"2005-01-12T16:05:43Z","timestamp":1105545943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Duloxetine for the long-term treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in patients aged 65 and older: an open-label study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Madelaine M","family":"Wohlreich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig H","family":"Mallinckrodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John G","family":"Watkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald P","family":"Hay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"28_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01381-1","volume":"52","author":"GS Alexopoulos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alexopoulos GS, Borson S, Cuthbert BN, Devanand DP, Mulsant BH, Olin JT, Oslin DW: Assessment of late life depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2002, 52: 164-10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01381-1.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 20","key":"28_CR2","first-page":"9","volume":"60","author":"BH Mulsant","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mulsant BH, Ganguli M: Epidemiology and diagnosis of depression in late life. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999, 60 (Suppl 20): 9-15.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460080063033","volume":"265","author":"BW Rovner","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rovner BW, German PS, Brant LJ, Clark R, Burton L, Folstein MF: Depression and mortality in nursing homes. JAMA. 1991, 265: 993-996. 10.1001\/jama.265.8.993.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"28_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.154.4.454","volume":"154","author":"G Beaumont","year":"1989","unstructured":"Beaumont G: The toxicity of antidepressants. Br J Psychiatry. 1989, 154: 454-458.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"28_CR5","first-page":"61","volume":"54","author":"AS Hale","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hale AS: New antidepressants: use in high-risk patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 1993, 54 (Suppl): 61-70.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1997)6:1<10::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"6","author":"DC Steffens","year":"1997","unstructured":"Steffens DC, Krishnan KR, Helms MJ: Are SSRIs better than TCAs? Comparison of SSRIs and TCAs: a meta- analysis. Depress Anxiety. 1997, 6: 10-18. 10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1997)6:1<10::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-9.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"28_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-8183-8_5","volume":"58","author":"DT Wong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wong DT, Bymaster FP: Dual serotonin and noradrenaline uptake inhibitor class of antidepressants potential for greater efficacy or just hype?. Prog Drug Res. 2002, 58: 169-222.","journal-title":"Prog Drug Res"},{"key":"28_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0407","volume":"63","author":"MJ Detke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Detke MJ, Lu Y, Goldstein DJ, Hayes JR, Demitrack MA: Duloxetine, 60 mg once daily, for major depressive disorder: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002, 63: 308-315.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(02)00060-2","volume":"36","author":"MJ Detke","year":"2002","unstructured":"Detke MJ, Lu Y, Goldstein DJ, McNamara RK, Demitrack MA: Duloxetine 60 mg once daily dosing versus placebo in the acute treatment of major depression. J Psychiatr Res. 2002, 36: 383-390. 10.1016\/S0022-3956(02)00060-2.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"28_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0309","volume":"63","author":"DJ Goldstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goldstein DJ, Mallinckrodt C, Lu Y, Demitrack MA: Duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a double- blind clinical trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002, 63: 225-231.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR11","first-page":"106","volume":"36","author":"CB Nemeroff","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nemeroff CB, Schatzberg AF, Goldstein DJ, Detke MJ, Mallinckrodt C, Lu Y, Tran PV: Duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2002, 36: 106-132.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"28_CR12","volume-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry","author":"JC Nelson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nelson JC, Wohlreich MM, Mallinckrodt CH, Detke MJ, Watkin JG, Kennedy JS: Duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder in mature and elderly patients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004."},{"key":"28_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550140078045","volume":"278","author":"BD Lebowitz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lebowitz BD, Pearson JL, Schneider LS, Reynolds CF, Alexopoulos GS, Bruce ML, Conwell Y, Katz IR, Meyers BS, Morrison MF, Mossey J, Niederehe G, Parmelee P: Diagnosis and treatment of depression in late life. Consensus statement update. JAMA. 1997, 278: 1186-1190. 10.1001\/jama.278.14.1186.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"28_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.162.2.175","volume":"162","author":"Old Age Depression Interest Group (OADIG)","year":"1993","unstructured":"Old Age Depression Interest Group (OADIG): How long should the elderly take antidepressants? A double-blind placebo-controlled study of continuation\/prophylaxis therapy with dothiepin. Br J Psychiatry. 1993, 162: 175-182.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR15","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 1994, Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 4","edition":"4"},{"key":"28_CR16","volume-title":"ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology, revised 1976","author":"W Guy","year":"1976","unstructured":"Guy W: ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology, revised 1976. 1976, Rockville, MD: National Institutes of Mental Health"},{"key":"28_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","volume":"23","author":"M Hamilton","year":"1960","unstructured":"Hamilton M: A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960, 23: 56-62.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","volume":"4","author":"AT Beck","year":"1961","unstructured":"Beck AT: An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961, 4: 561-571.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00788510","volume":"27","author":"AC Leon","year":"1992","unstructured":"Leon AC, Shear MK, Portera L, Klerman GL: Assessing impairment in patients with panic disorder: the Sheehan Disability Scale. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1992, 27: 78-82. 10.1007\/BF00788510.","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"28_CR20","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Routine laboratory tests in clinical trials","author":"WL Thompson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Thompson WL, Brunelle RL, Enas GG, Simpson PJ, Walker RL: Routine laboratory tests in clinical trials. 1990, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 1-63. data on file"},{"key":"28_CR21","unstructured":"Eli Lilly and Company. 2002, data on file"},{"key":"28_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23B","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90036-C","volume":"72","author":"AJ Moss","year":"1993","unstructured":"Moss AJ: Measurement of the QT interval and the risk associated with QTc interval prolongation: a review. Am J Cardiol. 1993, 72: 23B-25B. 10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90036-C.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 15","key":"28_CR23","first-page":"18","volume":"62","author":"ME Thase","year":"2001","unstructured":"Thase ME: Methodology to measure onset of action. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001, 62 (Suppl 15): 18-21.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.5.729","volume":"157","author":"W Bondareff","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bondareff W, Alpert M, Friedhoff AJ, Richter EM, Clary CM, Batzar E: Comparison of sertraline and nortriptyline in the treatment of major depressive disorder in late life. Am J Psychiatry. 2000, 157: 729-736. 10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.5.729.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 26","key":"28_CR25","first-page":"5","volume":"62","author":"D Bakish","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bakish D: New standard of depression treatment: remission and full recovery. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001, 62 (Suppl 26): 5-9.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700033146","volume":"25","author":"ES Paykel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Paykel ES, Ramana R, Cooper Z, Hayhurst H, Kerr J, Barocka A: Residual symptoms after partial remission: an important outcome in depression. Psychol Med. 1995, 25: 1171-1180.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"28_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890009011769","volume":"32","author":"RC Baldwin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Baldwin RC: Poor prognosis of depression in elderly people: causes and actions. Ann Med. 2000, 32: 252-256.","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"28_CR28","first-page":"20","volume":"46","author":"JP Feighner","year":"1985","unstructured":"Feighner JP, Cohn JB: Double-blind comparative trials of fluoxetine and doxepin in geriatric patients with major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1985, 46: 20-25.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(97)00107-9","volume":"46","author":"N Mittmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mittmann N, Herrmann N, Einarson TR, Busto UE, Lanctot KL, Liu BA, Shulman KI, Silver IL, Narango CA, Shear NH: The efficacy, safety and tolerability of antidepressants in late life depression: a meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 1997, 46: 191-217. 10.1016\/S0165-0327(97)00107-9.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"28_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199324020-00004","volume":"24","author":"LL von Moltke","year":"1993","unstructured":"von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Shader RI: Clinical pharmacokinetics of antidepressants in the elderly. Therapeutic implications. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1993, 24: 141-160.","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"Suppl 10","key":"28_CR31","first-page":"16","volume":"59","author":"AH Glassman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Glassman AH, Rodriguez AI, Shapiro PA: The use of antidepressant drugs in patients with heart disease. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998, 59 (Suppl 10): 16-21.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200008000-00011","volume":"8","author":"E Weber","year":"2000","unstructured":"Weber E, Stack J, Pollock BG, Mulsant B, Begley A, Mazumdar S, Reynolds CF: Weight change in older depressed patients during acute pharmacotherapy with paroxetine and nortriptyline: a double-blind randomized trial. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2000, 8: 245-250. 10.1176\/appi.ajgp.8.3.245.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"28_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49009.x","volume":"49","author":"SK Rigler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rigler SK, Webb MJ, Redford L, Brown EF, Zhou J, Wallace D: Weight outcomes among antidepressant users in nursing facilities. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001, 49: 49-55. 10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49009.x.","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"28_CR34","first-page":"S32","volume":"50","author":"LJ Cohen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cohen LJ: Principles to optimize drug treatment in the depressed elderly: practical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Geriatrics. 1995, 50 (Suppl 1): S32-S40.","journal-title":"Geriatrics"},{"key":"28_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1077(199607)11:4<283::AID-HUP770>3.0.CO;2-2","volume":"11","author":"G Beaumont","year":"1996","unstructured":"Beaumont G, Baldwin D, Lader M: A criticism of the practice of prescribing subtherapeutic doses of antidepressants for the treatment of depression. Hum Psychopharmacol. 1996, 11: 283-291. 10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1077(199607)11:4<283::AID-HUP770>3.3.CO;2-U.","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"}],"container-title":["BMC Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T12:41:20Z","timestamp":1728304880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["28"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2318-4-11","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2318"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2318","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 April 2004","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 December 2004","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 December 2004","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"11"}}