{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T23:02:47Z","timestamp":1765666967404},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336608000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicella and herpes zoster are both caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection or reactivation and may lead to complications associated with a (severe) societal burden. Because the epidemiology of VZV-related diseases in the Netherlands remains largely unknown or incomplete, the main objective of this study was to study the primary care incidence, associated complications and health care resource use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the incidence of VZV complications in the Dutch general practitioner (GP) practices and pharmacies in a retrospective population-based cohort study (2004\u20132008) based on longitudinal GP data including free text fields, hospital referral and discharge letters from approximately 165,000 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average annual incidence of varicella GP-consultations was 51.5 per 10,000 (95% CI 44.4-58.7) overall; 465.5 per 10,000 for 0\u20131\u2009year-olds; 610.8 per 10,000 for 1\u20134\u2009year-olds; 153.5 per 10,000 for 5\u20139\u2009year-olds; 8,3 per 10,000 for &gt;10\u2009year olds. When only ICPC coded diagnoses were analyzed the incidence was 27% lower. The proportion of complications among varicella patients was 34.9%. Most frequently complications were upper respiratory tract infections. Almost half of the varicella patients received medication. The referral rate based on GP consultations was 1.7%. The average annual incidence of herpes zoster GP-consultations was 47.5 per 10,000 (95% CI 40.6-54.4). The incidence increased with age; 32.8 per 10,000 for &lt;60\u2009year-olds; 93.1 per 10,000 for 60\u201364\u2009year-olds and 113.2 per 10,000 for &gt;65\u2009year olds. When estimating herpes zoster incidence only on ICPC coded information, the incidence was 28% lower. The complication rate of herpes zoster was 32.9%. Post herpetic neuralgia was seen most often. Of patients diagnosed with herpes zoster 67.8% received medication. The referral rate based on GP consultations was 3.5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>For varicella the highest incidence of GP-consultations was found in 1\u20134\u2009year-olds, for herpes zoster in the &gt;65\u2009years olds. The occurrence of complications was not age-dependent but varies per complication. When estimating incidence of VZV-related diseases in primary care, based on diagnostic codes only, one should be aware of a gross underestimation of the incidence. Our analysis may have important implications for the outcomes of upcoming cost-effectiveness analyses on VZV vaccination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T10:30:45Z","timestamp":1336645845000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Epidemiological characteristics and societal burden of varicella zoster virus in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jorien GJ","family":"Pierik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pearl D","family":"Gumbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sander AC","family":"Fortanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline CE","family":"Van Steenwijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maarten J","family":"Postma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1933_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.02.017","volume":"24","author":"H de Melker","year":"2006","unstructured":"de Melker H, Berbers G, Hahne S, R\u00fcmke H, van den Hof S, de Wit A, Boot H: The epidemiology of varicella and herpes zoster in The Netherlands: implications for varicella zoster virus vaccination. 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