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We analyzed clinical strains of 16S rRNA methylase-producing <jats:italic>Acinetobactor baumannii<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> obtained from clinical isolates in medical settings in Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>From 2008 to 2011, 101 clinical strains of <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> and 15 of <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> were isolated from patients in intensive care units (ICUs) in two medical settings in Vietnam. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using the microdilution method and epidemiological analysis was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and MLST. Genes encoding the 16S rRNA methylases, OXAs and CTX-Ms were analyzed by PCR and sequence analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>16S rRNA methylase-producing Gram-negative pathogens were detected in two hospitals in Vietnam. Of the 101 clinical isolates of <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> and the 15 of <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> isolated from two ICUs in these hospitals, 72 (71.3%) were highly resistant to amikacin, arbekacin and gentamicin, with MICs greater than 1,024\u00a0mg\/L. The 16S rRNA methylases ArmA and RmtB were produced by 61 and 9 isolates of <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>, respectively, and RmtB was produced by 2 isolates of <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, 52 of the <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> isolates producing 16S rRNA methylases harbored both <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>OXA-23-like and <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>OXA-51-like genes. Most <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> isolates producing 16S rRNA methylase obtained in hospital A in Hanoi were ST91 and ST231, whereas most from hospital B in Ho Chi Minh City were ST136, ST195, and ST254.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>The two <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> isolates harboring <jats:italic>rmtB<\/jats:italic> showed different patterns on PFGE, one each corresponding to ST217 and ST313.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Gram-negative bacteria producing the 16S rRNA methylases ArmA and RmtB are emerging in medical settings in Vietnam. <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> isolates in northern and southern regions of Vietnam may be of different lineages.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,30]],"date-time":"2013-05-30T17:01:59Z","timestamp":1369933319000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Emergence of 16S rRNA methylase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in hospitals in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Tada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tohru","family":"Miyoshi-Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Ohmagari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nozomi","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Viet","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doan Mai","family":"Phuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Truong Anh","family":"Thu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Gia","family":"Binh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Quoc","family":"Anh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Thi Thanh","family":"Nga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pham Hong","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phan Thi","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le Thi Anh","family":"Thu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Truong","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teruo","family":"Kirikae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-005-0279-0","volume":"70","author":"S Jana","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jana S, Deb JK: Molecular understanding of aminoglycoside action and resistance. 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