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However, such candidate genetic markers have not been widely studied in Chinese population, especially with respect to the disease development from latent <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection (LTBI).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this case\u2013control study, 44 candidate SNPs were examined in a total of 600 participants (PTB patients, LTBI controls and healthy controls without <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection) from Zhengzhou, China. The two groups of controls were frequency matched on gender and age with PTB patients. Genotyping was carried out by the Illumina Golden Gate assay.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>When comparing PTB patients with LTBI controls but not healthy controls without <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection, significant associations with disease development were observed for <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> 1174 A\/G, <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> 1635 A\/G and <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic> 2109G\/A. The two loci in <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> were in LD in our study population (r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=0.96, D\u2019=1.00). A combined effect of the genotypes associated with increased risk of PTB (i.e. <jats:italic>TLR9<\/jats:italic> 1174G\/G and <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic> 2109 A\/A) was found when comparing PTB patients with LTBI controls (p=0.004) but not with healthy controls without infection (p=0.433).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Potential associations between TLR9 and IFN-\u03b3 genetic polymorphisms and PTB were observed in a Chinese population which supports further study of the roles played by TLR9\/IFN-\u03b3 pathway during the development of PTB.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]],"date-time":"2013-10-31T16:01:18Z","timestamp":1383235278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Potential association of pulmonary tuberculosis with genetic polymorphisms of toll-like receptor 9 and interferon-gamma in a Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinsheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mufei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9785","key":"2712_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62173-3","volume":"378","author":"SD Lawn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lawn SD, Zumla AI: Tuberculosis. 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