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The plant-like calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) harbored by<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>are involved in gliding motility, cell invasion, egress and some other developmental processes, and so have been implicated as important virulence factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, we constructed a DNA vaccine expressing<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>CDPK3 (TgCDPK3) and evaluated its protective efficacy against<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection in Kunming mice. The gene sequence encoding TgCDPK3 was inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX I, and mice were immunized with pVAX-CDPK3 intramuscularly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that mice immunized with pVAX-CDPK3 developed a high level of specific antibodies and a strong lymphoproliferative response. The significantly increased levels of IFN-\u03b3, IL-2, IL-12 (p70) and IL-23 and high ratio of IgG2a to IgG1 antibody titers indicated that a Th1 type response was elicited after immunization with pVAX-CDPK3. Furthermore, the percentage of CD4+ T cells in mice vaccinated with pVAX-CDPK3 was significantly increased. After lethal challenge with the tachyzoites of the virulent<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>RH strain, the mice immunized with pVAX-CDPK3 prolonged the survival time from 10\u00a0days to 24\u00a0days (13.5\u2009\u00b1\u20094.89) compared to untreated mice or those received PBS or pVAX I which died within 7\u00a0days (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In chronic infection model (10 cysts of the<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>PRU strain), the numbers of brain cysts of the mice immunized with pVAX-CDPK3 reduced significantly when compared with those in control groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and the rate of reduction could reach to about 50%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>TgCDPK3 can generate protective immunity against acute and chronic<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection in Kunming mice and is a promising vaccine candidate for further development of an effective vaccine against<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T05:41:07Z","timestamp":1383284467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondiiinduced by DNA immunization with the gene encoding a novel vaccine candidate: calcium-dependent protein kinase 3"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nian-Zhang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Si-Yang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Peng","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing-Quan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"4204_CR1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans","author":"JP Dubey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubey JP: Toxoplasmosis of animals and humans. 2010, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1-313. 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