{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:13:48Z","timestamp":1793236428180,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1131321600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to review the effects of adjunctive corticosteroids on overall mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation in HIV-infected patients with<jats:italic>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/jats:italic>pneumonia (PCP) and substantial hypoxemia (arterial oxygen partial pressure &lt;70 mmHg or alveolar-arterial gradient &gt;35 mmHg on room air).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic search of the literature for randomised trials published up to December 2004. Selected trials compared adjunctive corticosteroids with placebo or usual care in HIV-infected patients with PCP and reported mortality data. Two teams of reviewers independently evaluated the methodology and extracted data from each primary study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Risk ratios for overall mortality for adjunctive corticosteroids were 0.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38\u20130.79) at 1 month and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.49\u20130.93) at 3\u20134 months of follow-up. Numbers needed to treat, to prevent 1 death, are 9 patients in a setting without highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) available and 22 patients with HAART available. Only the 3 largest trials provided data on the need for mechanical ventilation with a risk ratio of 0.37 (95% CI, 0.20\u20130.70) in favour of adjunctive corticosteroids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number and size of trials investigating adjunctive corticosteroids for HIV-infected patients with PCP is small, but our results suggest a beneficial effect for patients with substantial hypoxemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,8]],"date-time":"2005-11-08T07:16:31Z","timestamp":1131434191000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Adjunctive corticosteroids for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with HIV infection: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Briel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remy","family":"Boscacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansjakob","family":"Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiner C","family":"Bucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0809.020096","volume":"8","author":"JR Stringer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stringer JR, Beard CB, Miller RF, Wakefield AE: A new name (Pneumocystis jiroveci) for Pneumocystis from humans. 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