{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:46:28Z","timestamp":1761630388587},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]],"date-time":"2005-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1127260800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Leprosy still remains an important public health problem for many parts of the world. An association of gangrene with leprosy is a rare one &amp; can have a number of causative mechanisms. We present a case with Leprosy &amp; gangrene with positive anti phopholipid antibody titers.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A 50-year-old non-diabetic, non-hypertensive lady presented with 2 months history of progressive gangrene of bilateral toes. She was found to have madarosis &amp; hypopigmented, hypoaesthetic macular lesions on the upper limb &amp; thighs. Bilateral ulnar &amp; popliteal nerves were thickened. A skin biopsy of the lesions revealed borderline tuberculoid leprosy, slit skin smears revealed a bacteriological index of 1+. She did not have any evidence of thromboembolic episode or atherosclerosis. ACLA was positive at presentation &amp; also on another occasion 6 weeks later. ACLAs were of the IgM type on both occasions. Lupus Anticoagulant &amp; \u03b22 GPI antibody were negative. DOPPLER of the lower limb arteries did not reveal any abnormality. Patient was successfully treated with multi-drug antileprotics &amp; anticoagulants.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Infectious APLAs should be recognized as a cause of thrombosis in Leprosy. Appropriate anticoagulation can salvage limb function.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-74","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,22]],"date-time":"2005-09-22T18:18:10Z","timestamp":1127413090000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Leprosy &amp; gangrene: A rare association; role of anti phospholipid antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Shashank M","family":"Akerkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lata S","family":"Bichile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"222_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390903","volume":"39","author":"RA Roubey","year":"1996","unstructured":"Roubey RA: Immunology of the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. 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