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A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the first intron of the human IFN-\u03b3 gene can putatively influence the secretion of cytokine with an impact on infection outcome as demonstrated for tuberculosis and other complex diseases. Our aim was to investigate the putative association of IFNG+874T\/A SNP with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and also the influence of this SNP in the secretion of IFN-\u03b3<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brazilian ATL patients (78 cutaneous, CL, and 58 mucosal leishmaniasis, ML) and 609 healthy volunteers were evaluated. The genotype of +874 region in the IFN-\u03b3 gene was carried out by Amplification Refractory Mutational System (ARMS-PCR).<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>-induced IFN-\u03b3 production on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture supernatants was assessed by ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are no differences between +874T\/A SNP frequency in cases and controls or in ML versus CL patients. Cutaneous leishmaniasis cases exhibiting AA genotype produced lower levels of IFN-\u03b3 than TA\/TT genotypes. In mucosal cases, high and low IFN-\u03b3 producers were clearly demonstrated but no differences in the cytokine production was observed among the IFNG +874T or A carriers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that +874T\/A polymorphism was not associated with either susceptibility or severity to leishmaniasis. Despite this, IFNG +874T\/A SNP could be involved in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis by influencing the amount of cytokine released by CL patients, although it could not prevent disease development. On the other hand, it is possible that in ML cases, other potential polymorphic regulatory genes such as TNF-\u03b1 and IL-10 are also involved thus interfering with IFN-\u03b3 secretion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-33","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,30]],"date-time":"2007-04-30T15:55:43Z","timestamp":1177948543000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["IFNG +874T\/A polymorphism is not associated with American tegumentary leishmaniasis susceptibility but can influence Leishmaniainduced IFN-\u03b3 production"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Guilherme Inoc\u00eancio","family":"Matos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia de J Fernandes","family":"Covas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita de C\u00e1ssia","family":"Bittar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Gomes-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane C","family":"Maniero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valdir S","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoel P","family":"Oliveira-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marise da Silva","family":"Mattos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Pirmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth P","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milton O","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alda Maria","family":"Da-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"476_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00969.x","volume":"39","author":"MP Oliveira-Neto","year":"2000","unstructured":"Oliveira-Neto MP, Mattos MS, Perez MA, Da-Cruz AM, Fernandes O, Moreira J, Gon\u00e7alves-Costa SC, Brahin LR, Menezes CR, Pirmez C: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil: main clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. 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