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The study's aim was to estimate the incidence of bacterial meningitis by aetiological agent in the period 2001\u20132005, in Lazio Italy (5.3 mln inhabitants).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data collected from four sources \u2013 hospital surveillance of bacterial meningitis, laboratory information system, the mandatory infectious diseases notifications, and hospital information system \u2013 were combined into a single archive.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>944 cases were reported, 89% were classified as community acquired. <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> was the most frequent aetiological agent in Lazio, followed by <jats:italic>N. meningitis<\/jats:italic>. Incidence of <jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic> decreased during the period. 17% of the cases had an unknown aetiology and 13% unspecified bacteria. The overall incidence was 3.7\/100,000. Children under 1 year were most affected (50.3\/100.000), followed by 1\u20134 year olds (12.5\/100,000). The percentage of meningitis due to aetiological agents included in the vaccine targets, not considering age, is 31%. <jats:italic>Streptococcus spp<\/jats:italic>. was the primary cause of meningitis in the first three months of life. The capture-recapture model estimated underreporting at 17.2% of the overall incidence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Vaccine policies should be planned and monitored based on these results. The integrated surveillance system allowed us to observe a drop in <jats:italic>H. influenzae b<\/jats:italic> meningitis incidence consequent to the implementation of a mass vaccination of newborns.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]],"date-time":"2009-02-05T16:28:19Z","timestamp":1233851299000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Incidence of bacterial meningitis (2001\u20132005) in Lazio, Italy: the results of a integrated surveillance system"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Giorgi Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliana","family":"Ferroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Forcina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Stanghellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Curtale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Borgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"778_CR1","unstructured":"WHO-recommended standards for surveillance of selected vaccine-preventable diseases. 2003, World Health Organization, Geneva"},{"key":"778_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199710023371404","volume":"337","author":"A Schuchat","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schuchat A, Robinson K, Wenger JD, Harrison LH, Farley M, Reingold AL, Lefkowitz L, Perkins BA: Bacterial meningitis in the United States in 1995. 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