{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T11:41:05Z","timestamp":1783078865568,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,22]],"date-time":"2009-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250899200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Many epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic factors of the host play a role in the variability of clinical response to infection caused by <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic>. With the purpose of identifying genes of susceptibility, the present study investigated the possible role of HLA-DRB1 and DQA1\/DQB1 alleles in susceptibility to leprosy, and whether they account for the heterogeneity in immune responses observed following infection in a Southern Brazilian population.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>One hundred and sixty-nine leprosy patients and 217 healthy controls were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction amplification and reverse hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes and sequence-specific primers(One Lambda<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, CA, USA).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>There was a positive association of HLA-DRB1*16 (*1601 and *1602) with leprosy <jats:italic>per se<\/jats:italic> (7.3% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 3.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01, OR = 2.52, CI = 1.26\u20135.01), in accord with previous serological studies, which showed DR2 as a marker of leprosy. Although, HLA-DQA1*05 frequency (29.8% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 20.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0424, OR = 1.61, CI = 1.09\u20132.39) was higher in patients, and HLA-DQA1*02 (3.0% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 7.5%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0392, OR = 0.39, CI = 0.16 \u2013 0.95) and HLA-DQA1*04 (4.0% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 9.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0314, OR = 0.42, CI = 0.19 \u2013 0.93) frequencies lower, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-values were not significant after the Bonferroni's correction. Furthermore, HLA-DRB1*1601 (9.0% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 1.8%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0016; OR = 5.81; CI = 2.05\u201316.46) was associated with susceptibility to borderline leprosy compared to control group, and while HLA-DRB1*08 (11.2% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 1.2%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0037; OR = 12.00; CI = 1.51 \u2013 95.12) was associated with susceptibility to lepromatous leprosy, when compared to tuberculoid leprosy, DRB1*04 was associated to protection.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These data confirm the positive association of HLA-DR2 (DRB1*16) with leprosy <jats:italic>per se<\/jats:italic>, and the protector effect of DRB1*04 against lepromatous leprosy in Brazilian patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,22]],"date-time":"2009-08-22T18:13:54Z","timestamp":1250964834000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["HLA-DR and HLA-DQ alleles in patients from the south of Brazil: markers for leprosy susceptibility and resistance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Samira A","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila S","family":"Mazini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e2mela G","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M","family":"Sell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiza T","family":"Tsuneto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo R","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeane EL","family":"Visentainer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"899_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"A Hansen","year":"1874","unstructured":"Hansen A: Bacillus leprae. 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