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Recent reports indicate that abnormal expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) may be a hallmark for the progression of liver disease and HBV carriers presenting variant ESR1 have an extremely aggressive clinical course. Here we examine whether the\n                      <jats:italic>ESR1<\/jats:italic>\n                      polymorphisms or its haplotypes are related to HBV-related acute liver failure (ALF) risk among chronic HBV carriers in a Chinese population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1216 unrelated Han Chinese HBV carriers were recruited in this hospital-based case\u2013control study, including 359 HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers affected with ALF and 857 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers. Two\n                      <jats:italic>ESR1<\/jats:italic>\n                      haplotype tagging polymorphisms, c.30\u2009T\u2009&gt;\u2009C (rs2077647) and c.453-397\u2009T\u2009&gt;\u2009C (rs2234693), were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We observed a significantly increased susceptibility to HBV-ALF associated with the c.30\u2009C allele (P\u2009=\u20098.65\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>-4<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), c.453-397\u2009C allele (5.37\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>-4<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and [c.30\u2009C; c.453-397\u2009C] haplotype (Dominant model,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.0004, odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.53, 95% CI 1.23\u2009~\u20091.96) compared with the T alleles and [c.30\u2009T; c.453-397\u2009T] haplotype of c.30\u2009T\u2009&gt;\u2009C and c.453-397\u2009T\u2009&gt;\u2009C polymorphisms, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study suggests that [c.30\u2009C; c.453-397\u2009C] hapotype may be a risk factor for genetic susceptibility to HBV-related ALF in the Chinese population. It also emphasizes the importance of ESR1 in the pathophysiology of HBV-related ALF on the population level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-13-49","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,6]],"date-time":"2012-08-06T12:14:45Z","timestamp":1344255285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms and risk of HBV-related acute liver failure in the Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zehui","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunjie","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenli","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunqing","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"941_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20703","volume":"41","author":"J Polson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Polson J, Lee WM: AASLD position paper: the management of acute liver failure. 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