{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:52:34Z","timestamp":1790175154736,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,14]],"date-time":"2012-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347580800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Dysequilibrium syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous condition that combines autosomal recessive, nonprogressive cerebellar ataxia with mental retardation. The condition has been classified into cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation and disequilibrium syndrome types 1 (CAMRQ1), 2 (CAMRQ2) and 3 (CAMRQ3) and attributed to mutations in <jats:italic>VLDLR<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CA8<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>WDR81<\/jats:italic> genes, respectively. Quadrupedal locomotion in this syndrome has been reported in association with mutations in all three genes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>SNP mapping and candidate gene sequencing in one consanguineous Omani family from the United Arab Emirates with cerebellar hypoplasia, moderate mental retardation, delayed ambulation and truncal ataxia was used to identify the mutation. In a second unrelated consanguineous Omani family, massively parallel exonic sequencing was used.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We identified a homozygous missense mutation (c.2117\u2009G\u2009&gt;\u2009T, p.C706F) in the <jats:italic>VLDLR<\/jats:italic> gene in both families on a shared affected haplotype block.This is the first reported homozygous missense mutation in VLDLR and it occurs in a highly conserved residue and predicted to be damaging to protein function.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We have delineated the phenotype associated with dysequilibrium syndrome in two Omani families and identified the first homozygous missense pathogenic mutation in <jats:italic>VLDLR<\/jats:italic> gene with likely founder effect in the southeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-13-80","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,15]],"date-time":"2012-09-15T01:09:56Z","timestamp":1347671396000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["A missense founder mutation in VLDLR is associated with Dysequilibrium Syndrome without quadrupedal locomotion"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bassam R","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L","family":"Silhavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J","family":"Gleeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph G","family":"Gleeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihadh","family":"Al-Gazali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"980_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1985.tb00210.x","volume":"27","author":"F Rasmussen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rasmussen F, Gustavson K-H, Sara VR, Floderus Y: The dysequilibrium syndrome: a study of the etiology and pathogenesis. 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